Microbiological survey of sugar gliders (<i>Petaurus breviceps</i>) kept as pets in Italy

Varriale, Lorena; Russo, Tamara Pasqualina; Pace, Antonino; Mediatore, S.; Borrelli, Luca; Santaniello, Antonio; Menna, Lucia Francesca; Fioretti, Alessandro; Dipineto, Ludovico

doi:10.1111/lam.13233

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Novel pathogenic agents could emerge from the large diversity of species present in EACs (Johnson et al, 2020). Recent studies detected a wide range of pathogenic bacteria present in popular exotic species (e.g., ball pythons, D'Cruze et al, 2020; sugar gliders, Varriale et al, 2019). For instance, a new nematode species Baylisascaris potosis closely related to Baylisascaris procyonis (responsible for severe and potentially fatal neurologic infections in humans) was described in wild‐caught kinkajous ( Potos flavus ) kept as pets in Japan (Tokiwa et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exotic animal cafés in Japan: A new fashion with potential implications for biodiversity, global health, and animal welfare

Sigaud

Kitade²,

Sarabian

2023

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Wildlife trade is a multibillion‐dollar industry and concerns not only the exploitation of animals for their body parts but is also largely fueled by the demand for exotic pets. We document, in Japan, a recent phenomenon closely related to the pet trade and rapidly spreading in Asia: the display of exotic animals in a café/bar context. We surveyed 142 exotic animal cafés (EACs) by visiting their website and/or social media accounts. We recorded every available exotic animal species, their status based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species and Appendix according to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). We compared the CITES Appendix‐listed species imported in Japan during 1975–2019 to the species present in EACs. Most EACs opened in major cities between 2015 and 2017 under the label “owl café.” We recorded 3793 individuals belonging to 419 different species in 137 EACs active in 2019. The most numerous exotic animals were birds (62% – owls 40%) but reptiles (21%), mammals (15%) and to a lesser extent, amphibians (2%) were also found. A total of 403 individuals belonged to 52 threatened species. The majority (60%) of the species identified were CITES‐listed (Appendix I: 53 individuals, 9 species; Appendix II:2482 individuals, 235 species and Appendix III:16 individuals, 6 species). While most species present in EACs are mainly imported as “captive bred” in Japan, we found 30 species that were mainly imported as “wild‐caught,” “ranched” or “farmed.” The increase of importations of owl species is concomitant with the openings of EACs, reflecting the demand for owls in Japan. We argue that these EACs promoted through social media: (1) might have consequences for biodiversity as they encourage the purchase of exotic animals and represent a pool of potentially invasive species with their pathogens; (2) present a risk of pathogen transmission due to frequent close interactions with consumers; and (3) raise serious concerns about animal welfare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exotic animal cafés in Japan: A new fashion with potential implications for biodiversity, global health, and animal welfare

Sigaud

Kitade²,

Sarabian

2023

Conservat Sci and Prac

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“…Antimicrobial resistance was detected within this panel with 59% resistant to gentamicin, 27% resistant to ceftazidime, 23% resistant to ciprofloxacin and 23% resistant to imipenem (Hirakawa et al, 2010). Rabbits (von Degerfeld et al, 2020), sugar gliders ( Petaurus breviceps ) (Varriale et al, 2019) and snakes (Goldstein et al, 1981) have also been identified with P. aeruginosa . In rabbits, it can cause pyometra; however, sugar gliders and snakes are thought to be carriers of P. aeruginosa .…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): antimicrobial‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs and cats

Nielsen¹,

Bicout²,

Calistri³

et al. 2022

EFS2

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) was identified among the most relevant antimicrobial‐resistant (AMR) bacteria in the EU for dogs and cats in a previous scientific opinion. Thus, it has been assessed according to the criteria of the Animal Health Law (AHL), in particular criteria of Article 7 on disease profile and impacts, Article 5 on its eligibility to be listed, Annex IV for its categorisation according to disease prevention and control rules as in Article 9, and Article 8 for listing animal species related to the bacterium. The assessment has been performed following a methodology previously published. The outcome is the median of the probability ranges provided by the experts, which indicates whether each criterion is fulfilled (lower bound ≥ 66%) or not (upper bound ≤ 33%), or whether there is uncertainty about fulfilment. Reasoning points are reported for criteria with uncertain outcome. According to the assessment here performed, it is uncertain whether AMR P. aeruginosa can be considered eligible to be listed for Union intervention according to Article 5 of the AHL (33–90% probability). According to the criteria in Annex IV, for the purpose of categorisation related to the level of prevention and control as in Article 9 of the AHL, the AHAW Panel concluded that the bacterium does not meet the criteria in Sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 (Categories A, B, C and D; 0–5%, 1–5%, 5–33% and 5–33% probability of meeting the criteria, respectively) and the AHAW Panel was uncertain whether it meets the criteria in Section 5 (Category E, 33–90% probability of meeting the criteria). The animal species to be listed for AMR P. aeruginosa according to Article 8 criteria are mainly dogs and cats.

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Microbiological survey of sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) kept as pets in Italy

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Exotic animal cafés in Japan: A new fashion with potential implications for biodiversity, global health, and animal welfare

Exotic animal cafés in Japan: A new fashion with potential implications for biodiversity, global health, and animal welfare

Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): antimicrobial‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs and cats

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