Circulation inside gas bubbles

Garner, F. H.; Hammerton, D.A.

doi:10.1016/0009-2509(54)80001-7

Cited by 90 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Furthermore, the presence of hydrophobic tails inside the bubble reduces the internal gas circulation, which reduces renewal of the gas-side mass transfer film (Garner and Hammerton, 1954). Boussinesq (1913) first proposed that the reduction in internal gas circulation in bubbles and drops is due to the interfacial accumulation of contaminants organized as a monolayer, which was validated experimentally by Garner and Hammerton (1954).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…By covering part of the bubble surface, surfactants increase surface rigidity, and the bubble drag coefficient increases, approaching that of a rigid sphere, and resulting in diminished terminal velocity (Haberman and Morton, 1953;Alves et al, 2005). Furthermore, the presence of hydrophobic tails inside the bubble reduces the internal gas circulation, which reduces renewal of the gas-side mass transfer film (Garner and Hammerton, 1954). Boussinesq (1913) first proposed that the reduction in internal gas circulation in bubbles and drops is due to the interfacial accumulation of contaminants organized as a monolayer, which was validated experimentally by Garner and Hammerton (1954).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of interfacial surfactant contamination on bubble gas transfer

Rosso

Huo

Stenstrom

2006

Chemical Engineering Science

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Surface active agents depress gas transfer at gas-liquid interfaces. They are present as measurable trace contaminants at all environmental and at most industrial interfaces. An experimental apparatus to concurrently measure dynamic surface tension and mass transfer was constructed and tested for single-bubble and multi-bubble experiments. In this work, the parameters describing time-dependent bubble surface contamination were characterized. The application of a Ward-Tordai transient model and of a Langmuir saturation model showed that for fine-bubbles in low molecular weight surfactant solutions the interfacial surfactant accumulation equilibrates before bubble detachment. This is reflected in the bubbles behaving as solid-spheres, which is shown in our dimensionless results.For a given contamination, interfaces with higher renewal rates have higher mass transfer. At higher renewal rates, the variation due to different contamination is smaller than the variation at lower renewal rates, concluding that higher interfacial flow regimes can offset contamination. Our experimental evidence shows a gas transfer reduction of 30-70% of pure water values in surfactant solutions, which confirms full-scale field measurements. Results are consistent with expectations and correct previous Frössling-like dimensionless correlations for pure water systems. Our results offer a tool for mass transfer prediction from flow regime and surfactant properties. ᭧

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of interfacial surfactant contamination on bubble gas transfer

Rosso

Huo

Stenstrom

2006

Chemical Engineering Science

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“…The existence of circulation has been experimentally proven by optical detection of particles enclosed in the bubbles [42,43]. The circulation is initiated by the shear forces between the gas and the liquid surface, which in turn depend on the ratio of the respective viscosities of gas and solvent, and of the rising velocity of the bubble.…”

Section: Impinger Bottlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The slugs are only formed in such a compact way if the inner www.cet-journal.com Figure 8. Flow patterns in a quasi-horizontal tube [43].…”

Section: Continuous Sampling Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of Alkali Aerosols through Sampling Systems

et al. 2010

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In biomass gasification, particles such as condensed alkali salts pose a threat on equipment. Due to high loads of condensable tars in the gases, sampling of these particles to liquids and subsequent analysis of the liquid is frequently the method of choice for measuring the alkali concentration in the gas. However, little is known about the collection efficiency of liquid sampling devices. By measuring the aerosol transmission using a surface ionization detector, two continuous sampling systems are compared with conventional impinger bottles. A low collection efficiency for the latter was found, but down to nearly zero transmission for the continuous sampling systems. The main mechanisms for mass transfer from gas to liquid are discussed with emphasis on particle removal in gas slugs in twophase flow inside tubes of the sampling system.

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“…The movement of the surfactant film causes a considerable movement of the underlying liquid, particularly if the adsorption-desorption of surfactants is not as fast as the transport over the surface. Garner and Hammerton (1954) found that a vigorous toroidal circulation sets in in rising bubbles of > O.3-mm diameter.…”

Section: Single Gas Bubbles In Liquidmentioning

confidence: 99%