Ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance among methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus isolates from keratitis and conjunctivitis

Marangon, Fabiana B.; Miller, Darlene; Muallem, Marcus S.; Romanò, A; Alfonso, Eduardo C.

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2003.10.026

Cited by 139 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The antibiotic resistance patterns of pig MRSA, other than to methicillin, reflect the antibiotics used in veterinary medicine: tetracycline resistance is very common, whereas ciprofloxacin resistance has been found to be completely absent (de Neeling et al, 2007). This is very different to the situation in nosocomial MRSA strains, in which over 80% of MRSAs may be resistant to ciprofloxacin (Marangon et al, 2004;Raviglione et al, 1990), perhaps suggesting that ST398 is circulating in pigs and only infecting humans occasionally, or that pigs are an emerging reservoir of MRSA.…”

Section: B Environmental Reservoirs Of Mrsamentioning

confidence: 59%

Antibiotic Resistance in the Environment, with Particular Reference to MRSA

Gaze

O’Neill

Wellington

et al. 2008

Advances in Applied Microbiology

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Section: B Environmental Reservoirs Of Mrsamentioning

confidence: 59%

Antibiotic Resistance in the Environment, with Particular Reference to MRSA

Gaze

O’Neill

Wellington

et al. 2008

Advances in Applied Microbiology

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“…16,20,21 The increasing number of ocular surgical procedures poses a greater risk for perioperative infection. There is an upward trend in the incidence of bacterial infections after cataract surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentrations of fluoroquinolones in aqueous and vitreous humour were determined by HPLC as defined previously. 16,17 The separation was performed on a Radial-pak, C18 cartridge column (100 Â 8 mm i.d., particle size 10 mm; Waters, Milford, MA, USA) and precolumn (C18). The sample elution was monitored on fluorescence detector using excitation and emission wavelengths of 280 and 455 nm, respectively.…”

Section: High-performance Liquid Chromatography (Hplc) Analysis Of Flmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetration of second-, third-, and fourth-generation topical fluoroquinolone into aqueous and vitreous humour in a rabbit endophthalmitis model

Yağcı

Oflu

Dinçel

et al. 2006

Eye

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Aims This study was designed to investigate the penetration of second-, third-and fourthgeneration topical fluoroquinolone into aqueous and vitreous humour in a rabbit endophthalmitis model. Methods Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into six groups. Left eye was infected with an intravitreal inoculum of Staphylococcus aureus. Groups 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 received topical ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin treatment 24 h after the inoculation, respectively. No treatment was given to group 6 as the control group (n ¼ 5). Aqueous and vitreous samples were obtained 30 min after the last drop. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the fluoroquinolone concentration. Results In the normal and inflamed eyes, mean aqueous concentrations of ofloxacin were 1.90 and 2.69 lg/ml, ciprofloxacin were 2.16 and 3.65 lg/ml, lomefloxacin were 3.54 and 1.19 lg/ml, levofloxacin were 2.89 and 9.41 lg/ ml, and moxifloxacin were 4.92 and 43.33 lg/ ml, respectively. Mean vitreous concentrations of ofloxacin were 0.25 and 0.07 lg/ml, ciprofloxacin were 0.08 and 0.32 lg/ml, lomefloxacin were 0.001 and 0.03 lg/ml, levofloxacin were 0.03 and 0.09 lg/ml, and moxifloxacin were 0.28 and 2.68 lg/ml, in normal and inflamed eyes, respectively. Moxifloxacin achieved a significantly higher concentration in aqueous and vitreous humour of infected eyes compared with ofloxacin (Po0.01), ciprofloxacin (Po0.05), lomefloxacin (Po0.01), and levofloxacin (Po0.05). Conclusion This study demonstrated that fourth-generation fluoroquinolone, moxifloxacin, seems to have better penetration to inflamed ocular tissues in rabbit.

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“…Antibiotic susceptibility of each bacterial isolate to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin was determined by two methods: Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion (Cecon, São Paulo, Brazil) and E-test (AB Biodisk, Solna, Sweden) (14) . Interpretation for susceptible and non-susceptible (intermediate and resistant) responses were in accordance with the criteria of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI/ NCCLS) document M100-S15, Vol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin) provide: broad-spectrum coverage against most aerobic gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, low toxicity, safety, good ocular surface penetration, prolonged tear film concentration, stability at room temperature, and good availability (5,10) . Unfortunately, recent reports of bacterial resistance to these second generation fluoroquinolones have had an impact on their acceptance, with a decrease in their use and the introduction of the fourth generation fluoroquinolones as an alternative to increase the spectrum of action, mostly against gram-positive cocci (5,(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%