Cigarette smoking in a student sample: Neurocognitive and clinical correlates

Dinn, Wayne M.; Ayçiçeği, Ayşe; Harris, C. A.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2003.07.001

Cited by 134 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In a study by Hussain et al, it was found that the knowledge of the adverse effects of cigarette smoking did not translate to a lower prevalence in smoking among Nigerian Soldiers [13]. Dinn, Aycicegi and Harris therefore assert that smoking behaviour may reflect to some degree, a diminished ability to anticipate the long term negative consequences of tobacco use [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of the Negative Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Health and Well-Being among Southern Nigerian Youth

Egbe¹,

Petersen²,

Meyer-Weitz³

2016

IJSSH

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Abstract-This mixed methods study investigates the knowledge of youth aged 18 to 24 years about the negative health effects of cigarette smoking. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 18 young smokers. Survey participants comprised 550 youth (irrespective of smoking status). Data was analyzed using the software Nvivo 9 and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19. Most young smokers recounted some health hazards associated with smoking but expressed a sense of invincibility to the hazards of smoking. Some resorted to reducing their daily consumption of cigarettes or taking cancer protective foods to avoid the health consequences of their smoking habit. Just over half of survey participants ( . %, = ) had a high knowledge level of the negative health effects of cigarette smoking. This was significantly higher among; non-smokers, females, students, respondents who had never smoked. There is need to raise more awareness in the population on the dangers of smoking.Index Terms-Cigarette, health and well-being, knowledge, Nigeria, youth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of the Negative Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Health and Well-Being among Southern Nigerian Youth

Egbe¹,

Petersen²,

Meyer-Weitz³

2016

IJSSH

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“…Cigarette smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia and schizotypy (Adler et al, 1998;Kolliakou and Joseph, 2000;Dinn et al, 2004). The "self-medication" model suggests that schizophrenic or schizotypal individuals smoke to reduce negative symptoms and enhance cognitive function (Dalack et al, 1998;Taiminen et al, 1998;Lyon, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "self-medication" model suggests that schizophrenic or schizotypal individuals smoke to reduce negative symptoms and enhance cognitive function (Dalack et al, 1998;Taiminen et al, 1998;Lyon, 1999). This model has also been applied to the relationship between smoking and executive function deficits (Dinn et al, 2004). Smoking may also improve cognitive function and attentional performance in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Coger et al, 1996;Conners et al, 1996;Pomerleau et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P50 sensory gating and attentional performance

Wan

Friedman

Boutros

et al. 2008

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Sensory gating refers to the preattentional filtering of irrelevant sensory stimuli. This process may be impaired in schizotypy, which is a trait also associated with cigarette smoking. This association may in part stem from the positive effects of smoking on sensory gating and attention. The relationship among sensory gating, smoking, schizotypy and attention was examined in 39 undergraduates. Sensory gating was indexed by the P50 suppression paradigm, and attention was measured by the Attention Network Test (ANT) and a Stroop task. Results showed sensory gating to be positively correlated with performances on ANT and Stroop reflected in better alerting, less conflict between stimuli, faster reaction time, and greater accuracy. Smokers showed a pattern of a greater number of significant correlations between sensory gating and attention in comparison to non-smokers, although the relationship between sensory gating and attention was not affected by schizotypy. The majority of significant correlations were found in the region surrounding Cz. These findings are discussed relative to the potential modifying influence of smoking and schizotypy on sensory gating and attention.

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“…5 There are several studies in the literature associating tobacco consumption and novelty seeking, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, impulsivity, aggressiveness, shyness, social alienation, self-esteem, as well as tendency to present anti-social, non conventional and risk behaviors, locus of control, and hostility, among others. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] A general overview on studies already developed on the topic show that smokers are more extravert, tense, anxious, depressive and impulsive than non-smokers or ex-smokers. Yet, they present increased traits of neuroticism, psychoticism, hostility, sensation seeking, and tendencies to anti-social, non-conventional and risky behaviors, as well as novelty seeking and mood disorders symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Um estudo comparativo entre características de personalidade de universitários fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes

Rondina

Gorayeb

Botelho

et al. 2005

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

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INTRODUÇÃO: O estudo da relação entre personalidade e tabagismo pode subsidiar o tratamento da dependência. OBJETIVOS: Identificar características de personalidade de fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes. MÉTODO: Foram selecionados 1.245 estudantes matriculados na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. Foi aplicado um questionário padronizado para levantamento do perfil sociodemográfico e padrão de consumo de tabaco dos estudantes, seguido pela versão revisada das Escalas Comrey de Personalidade (CPS). Utilizou-se a análise de variância ANOVA para comparação dos escores de fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes no CPS e duas análises de regressão logística múltipla para avaliar as associações entre os escores do CPS e tabagismo. RESULTADOS: Foi encontrada prevalência de 6,67% de fumantes, 6,58% de ex-fumantes e 86,73% de não-fumantes. A primeira análise de regressão logística detectou associação positiva entre a categoria fumante e os escores nas escalas de masculinidade (M) e tendenciosidade (R) e associação inversa com a escala de ordem x falta de compulsão (O) do CPS. A segunda detectou associação negativa da categoria ex-fumante com os escores obtidos em R e M e positiva com a escala de atividade x falta de energia (A) do CPS. DISCUSSÃO: Fumantes foram mais tendenciosos e adotaram mais o estereótipo social da masculinidade em relação a não-fumantes e ex-fumantes. Fumantes se descreveram mais como descuidados, relaxados, imprudentes, não-sistemáticos e pouco asseados em comparação aos não-fumantes. Ex-fumantes apresentaram mais vigor, energia e disposição em relação aos fumantes. Supõe-se que esses resultados possam subsidiar programas de tratamento da dependência nicotínica.

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Cigarette smoking in a student sample: Neurocognitive and clinical correlates

Cited by 134 publications

References 48 publications

Knowledge of the Negative Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Health and Well-Being among Southern Nigerian Youth

Knowledge of the Negative Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Health and Well-Being among Southern Nigerian Youth

P50 sensory gating and attentional performance

Um estudo comparativo entre características de personalidade de universitários fumantes, ex-fumantes e não-fumantes

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