CIAS detection of Fasciola hepatica/F. gigantica intermediate forms in bovines from Bangladesh

Abstract

Fascioliasis is an important food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by two trematode species, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. The characterisation and differentiation of Fasciola populations is crucial to control the disease, given the different transmission, epidemiology and pathology characteristics of the two species. Lineal biometric features of adult liver flukes infecting livestock have been studied to characterise and discriminate fasciolids from Bangladesh. An accurate analysis was conducted to phenotypically discriminate between fasciolids from naturally infected bovines (cattle, buffaloes) throughout the country. Morphometric analyses were made with a computer image analysis system (CIAS) applied on the basis of standardised measurements and the logistic model of the body growth and development of fasciolids in the different host groups. Since it is the first ever comprehensive study of this kind undertaken in Bangladesh, the results are compared to pure fasciolid populations of F. hepatica from the European Mediterranean area and F. gigantica from Burkina Faso, geographical areas where both species do not co-exist. Principal component analysis showed that the biometric characteristics of fasciolids from Bangladesh are situated between F. hepatica and F. gigantica standard populations, indicating the presence of phenotypes of intermediate forms in Bangladesh. These results are analysed by considering the present emergence of animal fascioliasis, the local lymnaeid fauna, the impact of climate change, and the risk of human infection in the country.

DNA Multi-Marker Genotyping and CIAS Morphometric Phenotyping of Fasciola gigantica-Sized Flukes from Ecuador, with an Analysis of the Radix Absence in the New World and the Evolutionary Lymnaeid Snail Vector Filter

“…In areas of countries of Africa and Asia where the two species of Fasciola overlap thanks to the coexistence of the respective specific lymnaeid species, the comparative multivariant analyses show flukes of a size intermediate between F. hepatica and F. gigantica , as demonstrated in Egypt [ 53 ], Iran [ 83 ], Pakistan [ 84 ] and Bangladesh [ 85 ].…”

First morphogenetic analysis of parasite eggs from Schistosomiasis haematobium infected sub-Saharan migrants in Spain and proposal for a new standardised study methodology

“…Previous studies carried out both in adults and in eggs of flukes of other species between which hybridization takes place have shown that this possibility is feasible. These morphological studies in F. hepatica and F. gigantica in humans and animals show that the characterisation of pure standard populations facilitates subsequent comparisons and has made it even possible to identify intermediate morphological forms (Ashrafi et al, 2006;Periago et al, 2006Periago et al, , 2008Valero et al, 2005Valero et al, , 2009Afshan et al, 2014;Ahasan et al, 2016). Furthermore, studies in eggs of Fasciola species, show the influence of different factors on the morphological phenotype of parasite eggs, such as the geographical location or the host species (Valero et al, 2001(Valero et al, , 2002(Valero et al, , 2009.…”

Characterization of the Pathology, Biochemistry, and Immune Response in Kunming (KM) Mice Following Fasciola gigantica Infection

“…Fasciolosis is a globally distributed foodborne, zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica or Fasciola gigantica ( Ahasan et al., 2016 ; Cabada et al., 2016 ). The life cycle of Fasciola includes the following stages: egg, miracidium, sporocyst, redia, cercaria, metacercaria, excystic juvenile, and adult parasite ( Saba and Korkmaz, 2005 ; Mcmanus and Dalton, 2007 ).…”