Churches Heating: The Optimum Balance Between Cost Management and Thermal Comfort

Țurcanu, Florin Emilian; Verdeș, Marina; Şerbănoiu, Ion

doi:10.1016/j.protcy.2016.01.055

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…During the break between the services, the temperature dropped by 1°C, then, together with the increasing number of building users, it started to increase again to 6.6°C. Recorded temperatures are definitely below the requirements for thermal comfort and guidelines for equipment [8,14]. Very low temperature resulted in feeling of penetrating cold.…”

Section: Results and Analysis Of Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…During the time people stayed in the church, as well as during the break, the relative humidity level remained at 60-80%, which, with the recorded temperature of 2.4-6.6°C, enhanced the feeling of coolness and humidity in the air. Such a high level of relative humidity, combined with low temperature, does not have a positive effect on thermal comfort of building users, and additionally has a destructive effect on the construction and equipment of the building [14,24].…”

Section: Results and Analysis Of Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, low level of humidity, especially in heated interiors, is the cause of drying of mucous membranes. Due to health reasons, the relative humidity should oscillate around 40-70% [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of indoor air quality in a naturally ventilated church

Wysocka

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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The quality of air in sacral buildings is an important factor that affects users. Church buildings are characterized by a specific microclimate, because they accommodate many people in short periods of time, which results in rapid changes in air quality. Sacral buildings usually only have natural ventilation through doors, return air inlets and window leaks, which can cause uneven distribution of fresh air. The aim of this article is to analyze the results of research on the basic parameters of air quality: carbon dioxide, relative humidity and air temperature in the church. The analysis carried out on research results allowed to state that the measured parameters of air quality - the concentration of carbon dioxide and the level of relative humidity significantly exceeded the standards recommendations. High level of air humidity was recorded at 75%. In the analyzed sacral building there is the need to improve air quality in terms of carbon dioxide and relative humidity. Ways of improving air quality, such as installation of mechanical ventilation, will help prevent damage to structures and equipment, and improve comfort of people in the church.

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Section: Results and Analysis Of Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Results and Analysis Of Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of indoor air quality in a naturally ventilated church

Wysocka

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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“…It is noted that central heating systems in churches are often inadequate in providing comfort for occupants and fail to get low grade heat into the building fabric [15]. Long preheat times are required to heat the volume of air contained within many churches [16,17]. Much of the heat that is provided rises in the large volume space and is therefore of little benefit to those at floor level [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Heating Technologies suitable for Historic Churches, Taking into Account Heating Strategy and Conservation through Pairwise Analysis

et al. 2021

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As a result of difficulty meeting energy efficiency through fabric alteration, historic churches must focus on heating systems and operational strategy as key to reducing carbon emissions. Strategies can be defined as local or central heating. Local heating strives to heat occupants, while central heating aims to heat the building fabric and therefore the occupants. Each strategy requires a different approach to control and technology in response to priorities such as conservation, comfort and cost. This paper reviews current and emerging technologies in the context of church heating. The fuel source, heat generation technology and heat emitter are arranged in a matrix, with pairwise analysis undertaken to create weightings for each assessment criteria. The process of constructing the matrix and undertaking pairwise analysis using personas is discussed. The result is a ranking of fuels and technologies appropriate to the main priorities and individual preferences. Some desirable technologies are inherently more damaging to historic church environments due to invasive installation. These technologies score poorly when the aim is fabric preservation. Greener fuels, like biomass, may rank lower than fossil fuels, due in part to operational differences.

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“…Although most of these buildings originally lacked thermal conditioning systems, some rudimentary examples could be found in certain cold weather regions [2]. Nevertheless, these spaces increasingly incorporate heating and cooling systems [3] for improving comfort conditions for occupants. The application of these systems is often indiscriminate, with no prior study on hygrothermal modifications [4] with the potential to critically affect the conservation of these buildings and any artworks within them [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hygrothermal Performance of Worship Spaces: Preservation, Comfort, and Energy Consumption

et al. 2018

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The energy problem, one the most important on a global scale, greatly affects the environment. Much of the current energy consumption occurs in existing buildings, including heritage buildings with varying protected status. Energy intervention and heritage conservation conflict to some extent, as research focuses more on the search for improved energy efficiency solutions for materials and systems than on their application to heritage buildings. This study describes experimental research on environmental conditioning techniques in spaces of worship in a temperate climate in southern Spain. Buildings were monitored and assessed in the implementation of different environmental techniques—active and combined (passive and active)—with the aim of improving the thermal comfort conditions of the faithful while preserving the cultural heritage of these buildings. The need for a control system of RH and the air system was concluded, as well as radiant floors and radiators, which, in the considered case studies, would barely affect the artworks. 24- and 12-h operation are better suited to heritage preservation than occasional use. All operation schedules are valid for thermal comfort.

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Churches Heating: The Optimum Balance Between Cost Management and Thermal Comfort

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Analysis of indoor air quality in a naturally ventilated church

Analysis of indoor air quality in a naturally ventilated church

Identifying Heating Technologies suitable for Historic Churches, Taking into Account Heating Strategy and Conservation through Pairwise Analysis

Hygrothermal Performance of Worship Spaces: Preservation, Comfort, and Energy Consumption

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