Chronic effects of electrical stimulation of muscle on the fractionated components of audio response time

Ward, Terry; Grabiner, Mark D.

doi:10.1016/0167-9457(92)90011-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…A special apparatus (Ward & Grabiner, 1982) was constructed that allowed the seated subject to perform elbow extension movements in the horizontal plane. It consisted of an L-shaped bar rotated so that the short end was vertical and was attached to a table via a bearing that allowed the horizontal part to rotate freely.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionated Reaction Times and Movement Times of Down Syndrome and Other Adults with Mental Retardation

Davis

Sparrow²,

Ward

1991

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly

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A fractionation technique was employed to determine the locus of reaction time delay in Down syndrome (DS) and other adult subjects with mental retardation (MH). Twenty-three subjects (8 nondisabled, 8 MH, and 7 DS) responded to a light, sound, and combination light/sound signal. Dependent measures of premotor time, motor time, total reaction time, and movement time were obtained during a 20° elbow extension movement and were analyzed separately. As expected, both MH and DS subjects were slower and more variable in their responses than the subjects without disabilities. In turn, DS subjects were significantly slower but not more variable than the MH subjects. There were no significant differences between the DS and MH subjects on movement times. Evidence for both a specific (premotor) and a generalized (both premotor and motor) locus of delay was found. Some difference in signal effect was also found for the DS subjects.

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Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%