Chromosomes and causation of human cancer and leukemia. XIII. An evaluation of karyotypic findings in erythroleukemia

Abstract

This study was a n attempt a t defining the cytogenetic features of erythroleu-kemia (EL), particularly as related to the group of AML patients with MAKA (major karyotypic abnormalities), which generally were caused by three or more cellular events of translocation or nondisjunction. Eight of the 17 patients with MAKA had a diagnosis of E L or possible EL. I n most cases, MAKA was featured by hypodiploidy, karyotypic instability, and polyploidy in the leu-kemic cells. The most common abnormalities were loss of B or G group chromosomes and gain of a #16 or one or more marker chromosomes. Each of the markers of 2q+, Dqf, mar(A2, st), mar(C12, M), r(?F) and minute metacentric and acentric markers was observed in two or more patients .The extent of polyploidy seemed to be correlated with the proportion of erythroid precursor cells i n the marrow and with the karyotypic instability. Since the patients exhibited the same chromosomal features, whether or not they h a d a diagnosis of E L or possible EL, a n d since patients without such a diagnosis also had cytologic suggestions of EL, a close relation of MAKA t o E L is assumed. I t is believed that patients with MAKA constitute one of the three chromosomally classifiable groups of EL. Cancer 37:79&504, 1976. NCERTAINTY CONTINUES TO EXIST AS TO

Erythroblastic transformation of chronic granulocytic leukemia: A clinical and cytogenetic case study

“…In the early transformation, when the blast cells appeared to be myeloblastic, cytogenetic analysis of the bone marrow cells showed no abnormalities additional to the Ph chromosome, but when the transformation was frankly erythroblastic, multiple structural and numerical abnormalities were present. Chromosome studies in acute erythroleukemia have shown that the majority of patients have multiple bizarre chromosome abnormalities, frequently with ring and marker chromosomes, and evidence of chromosome degeneration similar to the changes present in our patient's marrow [6,8].…”

Lymphoblastic lymphoma: Cytogenetic, pathologic, and immunologic studies

“…Karyotypes were described according to the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (1978). Marker chromosomes of totally unidentified origin were designated according to the system devised by Sakurai and Sandberg (1976); the size of the chromosome and then its centromeric position are given in parentheses following the word "mar". The centrometnc position was designated according to the system proposed by Levan et al (1964), in which M, m, sm, st, t, and T stand, respectively, for median point, median portion, submedian portion, subterminal portion, terminal portion, and terminal point.…”

Double Minute Chromosomes in Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>

“…The relationship between dmins and these other cytogenetic findings is unclear. Hypodiploid clones with complex karyotypic changes and loss of all or part of #5 and/or #7 are common in secondary acute leukemia and in de novo erythroleukemia (16)(17)(18). Although many of the patients with dmins summarized herein also had one or the other of these same disease entities, 10 of 19 patients did not (table 2, text- fig.…”