Chromatin, Epigenetics and Plant Physiology

Fojtová, Miloslava; Fajkus, Jiřı́

doi:10.3390/ijms21082763

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Telomeric repeats are known to exhibit numerous unique chromatin features, including short nucleosome repeat lengths and distinct epigenetic modifications (Fojtova & Fajkus, 2020 ; Vaquero‐Sedas & Vega‐Palas, 2019 ). At the cytogenetic level, our data show that the pericentromeric blocks of telomeric repeats clearly overlap with the 5‐mC signals in C. revoluta (Figure S4a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mega‐sized pericentromeric blocks of simple telomeric repeats and their variants reveal patterns of chromosome evolution in ancient Cycadales genomes

et al. 2022

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Simple telomeric repeats composed of six to seven iterating nucleotide units are important sequences typically found at the ends of chromosomes. Here we analyzed their abundance and homogeneity in 42 gymnosperm (29 newly sequenced), 29 angiosperm (one newly sequenced), and eight bryophytes using bioinformatics, conventional cytogenetic and molecular biology approaches to explore their diversity across land plants. We found more than 10 000-fold variation in the amounts of telomeric repeats among the investigated taxa. Repeat abundance was positively correlated with increasing intragenomic sequence heterogeneity and occurrence at non-telomeric positions, but there was no correlation with genome size. The highest abundance/heterogeneity was found in the gymnosperm genus Cycas (Cycadaceae), in which megabase-sized blocks of telomeric repeats (i.e., billions of copies) were identified. Fluorescent in situ hybridization experiments using variant-specific probes revealed canonical Arabidopsis-type telomeric TTTAGGG repeats at chromosome ends, while pericentromeric blocks comprised at least four major telomeric variants with decreasing abundance: TTTAGGG>TTCAGGG >TTTAAGG>TTCAAGG. Such a diversity of repeats was not found in the sister cycad family Zamiaceae or in any other species analyzed. Using immunocytochemistry, we showed that the pericentromeric blocks of telomeric repeats overlapped with histone H3 serine 10 phosphorylation signals. We show that species of Cycas have amplified their telomeric repeats in centromeric and telomeric positions on telocentric chromosomes to extraordinary high levels. The ancestral chromosome number reconstruction suggests their occurrence is unlikely to be the product of ancient Robertsonian chromosome fusions. We speculate as to how the observed chromosome dynamics may be associated with the diversification of cycads.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mega‐sized pericentromeric blocks of simple telomeric repeats and their variants reveal patterns of chromosome evolution in ancient Cycadales genomes

et al. 2022

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“…We found that miR319 targeted six mRNAs in wheat, and their Arabidopsis orthologs encode for histone proteins, namely HISTONE B2, HISTONE B4 and HISTONE B1, which have known functions in chromatin structure (Fojtová and Fajkus, 2020), and their regulation is essential for chromosomal stability, and DNA repair and replication as well as proper transcription (Zhu et al, 2012;Venkatesh and Workman, 2015). HISTONE H4 was induced in Citrus sinensis roots under B toxicity (Guo et al, 2016), and in rice roots under aluminum toxicity (Mao et al, 2004).…”

Section: Mir172 Mir319 and Mir398 Targets In Wheat And Their Arabidopsis Orthologs Present Novel Sets Of Genes That Can Function In B Tolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and expression profiling of toxic boron-responsive microRNAs and their targets in sensitive and tolerant wheat cultivars

Kayıhan¹,

Aksoy²,

Kayıhan³

2021

Turk J Agric For

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Post transcriptional gene regulation in wheat cultivars caused by boron (B) toxicity has not been reported to date. In this study, two wheat cultivars Bolal-2973 (B-tolerant) and Atay-85 (Bsensitive) were compared with regard to the transcriptional regulation of miR319, miR172 and miR398 and their plausible target genes in order to address differences in their performances under high B levels. The expression levels of Cu/ZnSOD gene were found to be greater in Atay exposed to toxic B compared to Bolal, as verified by stable expression level of miR398. In wheat cultivars, both toxic B concentrations might cause an induction of leaf senescence mechanism due to stable level of JA and ethylene-related miRNAs, miR172 and miR319. miR172 targeting transcription factor TOE1 was only induced under B toxicity in sensitive cultivar Atay. However, MYB3 as target of miR319 were significantly upregulated under toxic B in both cultivars. Also, computational prediction of these miRNA targets in wheat was performed and their orthologs in Arabidopsis thaliana were determined. Functional protein association networks of proteins encoded by miRNA targets and gene ontology enrichment analyses of these genes were identified. We identified new sets of genes that are targets of miR172, miR319 and miR398 in T. aestivum. In addition, miR172, miR319 and miR398 are responsive to different nutrient deficiencies or toxicities such as Fe, P, B, S and Cu, suggesting crosstalk between the post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms involving miRNAs in plants.

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“…Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic targets have so far not been considered in the case of transgenic GMOs. These targets are nevertheless detectable but do not have the critical feedback from the DNA target detection (Bey et al, 2016;Fojtová and Fajkus, 2020;Mozgová et al, 2015). Apart from the reverse transcription usable for RNA detection with PCR (RT-PCR), nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA), strand displacement amplification (SDA), recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and various other methods will be applicable in GMO traceability (Zhao et al, 2020).…”

Section: Other Gmo Detection Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in identifying GM plants: current frame of the detection of transgenic GMOs

Bertheau¹

2021

Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science

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Transgenic GMOs were welcomed in the 1990s due to the difficulties distinguishing genetic and epigenetic modifications from random mutagenesis and their ability to insert new nucleic sequences more rapidly but still randomly. Their marketing in Europe has been accompanied by health and environmental risk assessments, specific monitoring and traceability procedures to preserve the free choice of consumers and allow the coexistence of different supply chains. This chapter reviews the regulations, detection techniques, strategies and standards that have been put in place in the European Union since 1996 to ensure the analytical traceability of these GMOs. The capacity of the matrix approach, initially targeted at transgenic GMOs, to trace other types of GMOs is discussed in an accompanying chapter.

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Chromatin, Epigenetics and Plant Physiology

Abstract: The ever-increasing interest in epigenetics comes from the fact that in the diverse life situations of organisms, e [...]

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Mega‐sized pericentromeric blocks of simple telomeric repeats and their variants reveal patterns of chromosome evolution in ancient Cycadales genomes

Mega‐sized pericentromeric blocks of simple telomeric repeats and their variants reveal patterns of chromosome evolution in ancient Cycadales genomes

Identification and expression profiling of toxic boron-responsive microRNAs and their targets in sensitive and tolerant wheat cultivars

Advances in identifying GM plants: current frame of the detection of transgenic GMOs

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