Children’s Patterns of Macronutrient Intake and Associations with Restaurant and Home Eating

Zoumas-Morse, Christine; Rock, Cheryl L.; Sobo, Elisa J.; Neuhouser, Marian L.

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00228-0

Cited by 74 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The foods served at fast-food establishments are generally energydense and contain high amounts of fat and sugar (5) . For this reason, when children eat restaurant meals they consume significant energy from fat and saturated fat (25) , and often have low intakes of some micronutrients (26) . Bowman et al (3) reported that children who ate meals from fast-food restaurants consumed 782 kJ (187 kcal) more energy per day than children who did not consume these meals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations among the food environment, diet quality and weight status in Cree children in Québec

Downs

Arnold

Marshall

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To explore the relationship among children's diet quality, weight status and food environment in subarctic Canada. Design: In the cross-sectional study, children's BMI was calculated, diet quality was assessed using three 24 h dietary recalls and children were asked about their home food environment and source of meals. Setting: Two Aboriginal Cree communities in northern Québec. Subjects: Two hundred and one children in grades 4-6. Results: The majority (64?2 %) of children were overweight (29?9 %) or obese (34?3 %). Weight status was not associated with reported restaurant meal frequency or the home food environment. The 18 % of children who consumed three or more restaurant meals in the three days of recall consumed, on average, 2004 kJ (479 kcal) more energy daily than children consuming no restaurant meals and had higher intakes of fat, saturated fat, Ca and soda. Most foods contributing to energy and dietary fat were energy-dense market foods of low nutritional value such as sweetened beverages and snack foods. Only 68 % of children reported often having fruits and vegetables in the home and 98?5 % of children consumed less than 5 fruits and vegetables daily. Many children (42?8 %) were at risk of Zn inadequacy. Only 19 % of children consumed 2 or more servings of milk daily, and the mean intakes of Ca and vitamin D were below the recommended adequate intake. Traditional game meat was consumed infrequently, but contributed significantly to Fe and Zn intake. Conclusions: Childhood obesity in subarctic communities prevailed in a food environment typified by high-energy-density commercial foods of low nutritional value. Keywords Nutrition environment Diet quality Aboriginal Childhood obesityOverweight and obesity is prevalent worldwide and increasing (1,2) , likely due to the dramatic changes in both lifestyle and environment. In recent decades there has been increased accessibility to restaurants and fast-food outlets and people are spending more of their disposable income on foods away from the home. Indeed, since the late 1970s, energy intake from restaurant meals/fast foods has increased by 91 % to 208 % for all age groups (3) ; as many as 25 % of Canadians and 30 % of Americans eat fast-food restaurant meals on any given day (3,4) . Meals served at restaurants and fast-food establishments are generally energy-dense (i.e. high in fat and sugar) and the portions served typically exceed recommended portion sizes (5) . As convenience becomes a priority in many households, home-cooked meals are being replaced with prepared or away-from-home foods (i.e. take-out foods, frozen entrees and pre-cooked, pre-packaged foods) (6)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations among the food environment, diet quality and weight status in Cree children in Québec

Downs

Arnold

Marshall

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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“…7 Meals consumed outside of the home environment are generally higher in energy consumed as a result of portion sizes. 8 Data from Young and Nestle 9 show that servings at current markets were twice the standard portion and fast-food 2 to 5 times larger than when originally released on the market. We noted an increased number of medical morbidities among patients with a greater degree of fastfood consumption; whether this phenomenon is related to the energy density or fat content of the food is unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Profile of the Overweight Child in the New Millennium

Carvalho

Johnson

Kozlosky

et al. 2007

Clin Pediatr (Phila)

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“…This could be explained by the fact that more work chances achieved by mothers raises the economic level and increases the purchasing power of the family. In addition, less time is spent indoors, the chances of consumption of healthy home-made meals will decrease in addition to the lack of attention to the children during mother's absence which increases the opportunity of intake of snacks and outdoor meals which are rich in fat and sugar [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Social Dietary and Behavioral Risk Factors of Obesity among Primary School Children in Minia Governorate, Egypt

Hossein¹,

Almarhomy²

2017

AJNR

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Introduction: Childhood obesity is a serious non-communicable public health problem with negative physical, social, and mental health consequences. Factors contributing to childhood obesity are school nutrition, excessive snacks, fast food, lack of physical activity and family behavior. Increasing rates of overweight and obesity in children & adolescents in Egypt signal a very alarming trend indicating an urgent need for development of strategies to address this new problem. Aim of the Study to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school children in Minia Governorate, Egypt and identify some socio-demographic, dietary and behavioral factors that govern the problem of obesity. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross sectional study carried out at public primary schools during the academic year 2014-2015. Cluster sampling technique was used. Students aged 6-12 years old with a total number of 250 students of both sexes were included in the study. Data were collected from the parents of all children through questionnaire including Socio demographic data, life style habits and dietary habits. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is relatively high (58.6%) distributed as 34.2% overweight and (24.4%) obese. Obesity is more prevalent among (8 < 10 years) age group, female, rural resident students. More than half of the obese children belong to university educated fathers (54.9%) and mothers (58.2%). Of obese and overweight children, 75.4%belong to professional employee and clerical fathers. Skipping breakfast, regular intake of carbohydrates, dairy, fat and sweat meals were positively significantly associated with obesity, meanwhile high rate of active play (7 times or more per week), low rate of screen time (2 hours or less per day), spending holiday out door and regular intake of fruits and vegetables were negatively significantly associated with obesity. Conclusion and recommendations: This study provides further evidence of the increasingly high burden of overweight and obesity among primary school children living in Egypt. Different strategies can be implemented through many approaches to outline some important targets for anticipatory guidance to prevent obesity.

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Children’s Patterns of Macronutrient Intake and Associations with Restaurant and Home Eating

Cited by 74 publications

References 17 publications

Associations among the food environment, diet quality and weight status in Cree children in Québec

Associations among the food environment, diet quality and weight status in Cree children in Québec

Clinical Profile of the Overweight Child in the New Millennium

Prevalence of Social Dietary and Behavioral Risk Factors of Obesity among Primary School Children in Minia Governorate, Egypt

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