Childhood malaria parasitaemia and human immunodeficiency virus infection in Malawi

Taha, Taha E.; Canner, Joseph K.; Dallabetta, Gina; Chiphangwi, John D.; Liomba, George N.; Wangel, Anne-Marie; Saah, Alfred J.; Miotti, Paolo

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(94)90277-1

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Many perinatally infected children die in infancy, and those who survive are usually extremely ill [23]. Longitudinal studies of birth cohorts in endemic areas have found no association between the child's or mother's HIV status and the incidence or severity of malaria [24][25][26]. These studies were limited by the higher attrition rates in the HIV-infected or HIV-exposed groups.…”

Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 95%

The interaction between HIV and malaria in Africa

Laufer¹,

Plowe

2007

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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HIV and malaria kill millions of people every year. They share a common geographic distribution, and both cause far more disease and death in sub-Saharan Africa than they do in the rest of the world. Many epidemiologic studies have suggested that HIV and malaria coexist independently, but some recent reports describe synergistic interactions between them. People living with HIV infection who do not have pre-existing immunity to malaria experience a marked increase in malaria severity. But for those who have acquired immunity through natural exposure to malaria, HIV-related immunosuppression is associated with only a modest increase in clinical malaria, which may be explained in part by more frequent nonmalaria febrile episodes. The effect of malaria infection on HIV disease progression due to increased viral replication may be important but has not yet been fully explored.

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Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 95%

The interaction between HIV and malaria in Africa

Laufer¹,

Plowe

2007

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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“…No community-level data are available for children, but 4 hospital-based cohorts in settings of high malaria transmission were studied in the late 1980s ( 6 , 8 , 27 , 31 ). In a birth cohort in Kinshasa, HIV-1 infection at any stage and clinically diagnosed AIDS increased malaria incidence by 1.2- and 2-fold, respectively, but the increases were not significant ( 8 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a birth cohort in Kinshasa, HIV-1 infection at any stage and clinically diagnosed AIDS increased malaria incidence by 1.2- and 2-fold, respectively, but the increases were not significant ( 8 ). A birth cohort in Blantyre, Malawi, found no HIV-related increase in the incidence of parasitemia ( 31 ). In Kampala, perinatally HIV-infected children with AIDS experienced notably fewer malaria episodes than HIV-uninfected children ( 6 ), which the authors attributed to the increased use of chloroquine before hospitalization among the HIV-infected children.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No published studies report specifically on the effect of HIV on malaria recrudescence. If such an effect exists, however, it will have been accounted for under the assumed overall effect of HIV on clinical malaria, since none of the studies from which we derived this assumed overall effect ( 6 , 8 – 10 , 27 , 31 ) adjusted malaria incidence rates observed in HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants for differences between these groups in treatment failure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Malaria Attributable to the HIV-1 Epidemic, Sub-Saharan Africa

Korenromp

Williams

Vlas

et al. 2005

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

109

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“…Nguyen-Dinh et al found no association between P. falciparum parasitemia and HIV serostatus in pediatric subjects in Zaire [128], and other pediatric studies in Zaire, Malawi and Uganda observed no relation between HIV serostatus and malaria incidence or severity [68,121,169]. Similarly, several studies on adults found no increase in prevalence or severity of P. falciparum infection in HIV seropositive individuals [33,99,121,158].…”

Section: Observational Studies Pertaining To Hiv and Malaria Coinfementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of HIV Coinfection on Cerebral Malaria Pathogenesis

Hochman¹,

Kim²

2012

J. Neuroparasitol.

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HIV infection is widespread throughout the world and is especially prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Similarly, Plasmodium falciparum, the most common cause of severe malaria, affects large areas of sub-Saharan Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia. Although initial studies suggested that HIV and malaria had independent impact upon patient outcomes, recent studies have indicated a more significant interaction. Clinical studies have shown that people infected with HIV have more frequent and severe episodes of malaria, and parameters of HIV disease progression worsen in individuals during acute malaria episodes. However, the effect of HIV on development of cerebral malaria, a manifestation of P. falciparum infection that is frequently fatal, has not been characterized. We review clinical and basic science studies pertaining to HIV and malaria coinfection and cerebral malaria in particular in order to highlight the likely role HIV plays in exacerbating cerebral malaria pathogenesis.

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Childhood malaria parasitaemia and human immunodeficiency virus infection in Malawi

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

The interaction between HIV and malaria in Africa

The interaction between HIV and malaria in Africa

Malaria Attributable to the HIV-1 Epidemic, Sub-Saharan Africa

The Impact of HIV Coinfection on Cerebral Malaria Pathogenesis

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