Childhood intermittent and persistent rhinitis prevalence and climate and vegetation: a global ecologic analysis

Abstract

Several between- and within-country spatial associations between climatic factors and intermittent and persistent rhinitis symptom prevalences were observed. These results provide suggestive evidence that climate (and future changes in climate) may influence rhinitis symptom prevalence.

The prevalence of atopic diseases and the patterns of sensitization in adolescence

“…The prevalence of AD and asthma was stable over time (21), in line with the ISAAC multicenter study (1). Our study does not allow conclusions for possible changes in prevalence but it can be hypothesized that environmental factors, Westernization, changed hygiene (22), and climate changes may play a role (23).…”

Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis continued to increase in Swedish children up to 2007, but asthma and eczema levelled off from 1991

“…It is possible that the differences in allergy prevalence seen between Kiruna and Mölndal were mainly due to differences in exposures related to this third step, that is whether sensitisation or disease will develop in susceptible subjects. Epigenetic factors and several environmental factors probably interact in this step, for example type, dose and duration of allergen exposures , climatic changes and duration of pollen seasons or air pollutants and particles from diesel exhausts .…”

The effect of residential urban greenness on allergic respiratory diseases in youth: A narrative review

“…Six studies were performed on birth cohorts; 18-23 6 had a cross-sectional design; 18,24-28 1 was an intervention study; 29 and 1 was a case-control study. 30 Twelve studies involved children of age 12 years, [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31] and only two included children and adolescents. 18,28 Most of the studies were conducted in Europe, 19,23,24,27,30 2 in Australia, 21,25,26,28 4 in North America, 18,31 1 in Asia, 29 and 1 based on data from Swedish, Dutch, German, Australian, and Canadian birth cohorts.…”

“…There were 5 different methods for assessing greenness exposure. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), used by 10 articles [19][20][21][22][23][24][26][27][28]30 , is a validated tool assessing vegetation cover in order to quantify the amount of vegetation derived from publicly available satellite images. NDVI is based on land surface reflectance, ranging from 0 to 1, where 0 means no vegetation and values close to 1 (0.8-0.9) indicate the highest possible density of green leaves.…”

“…22,23 Two studies focused on lung function measured through spirometry 29 and forced oscillation technique (FOT). 26 Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis was included in 6 studies, 19,20,[22][23][24]31 mostly using data from questionnaires. Lastly, 1 study referred to self-reported allergic symptoms by questionnaire.…”