Chemical stabilisation of lead in shooting range soils with phosphate and magnesium oxide: Synchrotron investigation

Sanderson, Peter; Naidu, Ravi; Bolan, Nanthi; Lim, Ji-Young; Ok, Yong Sik

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.056

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Wagh 2004). The long term stability of pyromorphites in soil, however, requires further investigations (Sanderson et al 2015;Venäläinen 2011). Species of phosphate (pyromorphites) formed in these processes are often sparsely soluble, and thus hardly immobilize the lead completely.…”

Section: Track Record Of Phosphate Bonding In Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling mine tailings in chemically bonded ceramics – A review

Kinnunen

Ismailov

Solismaa

et al. 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

155

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Mine tailings account for most of the environmental incidents related to the extractive industry, with risks increasing due to steadily rising tonnage of low-grade ore and extreme weather events. Recycling of tailings in raw-material-intensive applications presents an interesting alternative to costly tailings management with associated restoration efforts. Chemically bonded ceramics may offer a route to upgrading mine tailings into raw materials for ceramics. In this review such chemically bonded ceramic methods that may be used to recycle mine tailings as raw materials, are reviewed while focusing in particular on two methods: 1) geopolymerization/alkali activation and 2) chemically bonded phosphate ceramics. The aim of the review is not to give exhaustive review on the wide topic, but to scope the required boundary conditions that need to be met for such utilization. According to the findings, alkali activation has been studied for 28 separate silicate minerals in the scientific literature, and presents a viable method, which is already in commercial use in calcium-rich cement-like binder applications. Phosphate bonding literature is more focused on phosphate containing minerals and waste encapsulation. Very little work has been done on low-calcium tailings utilization with either technology, and more knowledge is needed on the effect of different pretreatment methods to increase reactivity of mine tailings in chemically bonded ceramics.

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Section: Track Record Of Phosphate Bonding In Industrial Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling mine tailings in chemically bonded ceramics – A review

Kinnunen

Ismailov

Solismaa

et al. 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This method is less intrusive and has been recommended by USEPA for management of active ranges and as a viable remedial option for closed ranges (USEPA 2001). In situ immobilisation or chemical stabilisation manipulates the soil chemistry through chemical reactions, such as adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation and complexation, to reduce metal mobility and metal availability to receptor organisms in contaminated environments (Sanderson et al 2015a).…”

Section: Immobilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of inorganic and organic contaminants in military ranges

Fayiga¹

2019

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental contextContaminants occur in the soil and water associated with military ranges. This review article describes how the extent of contamination depends not only on the type of military range and its period of activity, but also on the chemistry of both the soil and the contaminant. A full understanding of the soil chemistry is necessary to develop effective remediation methods for the restoration of these impacted environments. AbstractThis review discusses the contaminants associated with military ranges and the approaches taken to remediate these sites. The type and extent of contamination depends on the type of range, period of activity, soil chemistry and contaminant chemistry. Small arms firing ranges typically have high concentrations of metals and metalloids whereas military ranges typically have high concentrations of perchlorates, white phosphorus, explosives and propellants. For explosives, higher concentrations are found in sites that have undergone a low order detonation than in sites with a high order detonation. Remediation technologies for small arms firing ranges include leaching and immobilisation whereas for military ranges, methods such as alkaline hydrolysis, photolysis, bioremediation and phytoremediation have been tested. A lot of work has been done to immobilise metals/metalloids using soil amendments, which show a high effectiveness in stabilising them. Some of these amendments, however, also mobilise other co-contaminants. More studies are needed to simultaneously immobilise all inorganic contaminants. Explosives can be transformed into simpler non-toxic forms by photolysis, bioremediation or phytodegradation. The introduction of bacteria transgenes into plants has been used to enhance uptake and degradation of explosives in transgenic plants. Adoption of appropriate remediation technologies in impacted military ranges will reduce contaminant levels and protect public health.

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“…In contrast, the inert, unreactive and immobile residual fraction in the shooting range soil increased by 37.8% after hydroxyapatite amendment [93]. The efficacy of phosphate amendment can also be monitored using the X-ray absorption spectroscopy in which the predominant Pb minerals can be identified in untreated soils and compared with those found in the remediated shooting range soils [102]. In a study by , the untreated soil was found to contain high concentrations of the mineral litharge (PbO), iron-oxide bound Pb and humic acid bound Pb.…”

Section: Phosphate Additionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical assessment of mechanistic pathways for chemical remediation techniques applied to Pb impacted soils at shooting ranges – A review

Dinake

Kelebemang

2019

Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability

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Shooting ranges continue to pose environmental and human health risk due to the accumulation of toxic Pb emanating from munitions. Remediation of Pb pollution at shooting ranges has been carried out through application of various techniques of which chemical stabilization is the most common. In some instances, field chemical stabilization has achieved Pb decontamination of the soils to concentrations below the maximum contaminant limits as set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and World Health Organization (WHO). However, the effectiveness of chemical additives to Pb stabilization depends to a great extent on the physicochemical properties of the soils. This review aims to: (i) discuss the effectiveness of chemical stabilization towards Pb remediation of polluted shooting range soils, (ii) establish the chemical reactions that take place between Pb and the chemical amendment and (iii) understand the influence of the soil physicochemical properties on the effectiveness of the chemical amendment.

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Chemical stabilisation of lead in shooting range soils with phosphate and magnesium oxide: Synchrotron investigation

Cited by 56 publications

References 69 publications

Recycling mine tailings in chemically bonded ceramics – A review

Recycling mine tailings in chemically bonded ceramics – A review

Remediation of inorganic and organic contaminants in military ranges

Critical assessment of mechanistic pathways for chemical remediation techniques applied to Pb impacted soils at shooting ranges – A review

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