Chemical composition and source identification of bombay aerosol

Sharma, Vinod K.; Patil, Rashmi S.

doi:10.1080/09593339209385241

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The higher cadmium concentration in Dhaka, Chittagog and Faridpur air may be due to the release of Cd from different industrial mechanical processes inside the city (battery, electroplating, metal refining industries etc.). However, it is lower than that reported for Southeast Asian sites such as Laore, Pakistan (43.50 ng m-3) (Smith et al, 1996) and Bombay (40.00 ng m-3 ) (Sharma and Patil, 1992), India.…”

Section: Cadmium (Cd) Concentrationcontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…However, the atmospheric Pb concentration in Dhaka is decreasing gradually, presumably due to the ban on leaded gasoline in Bangladesh, although it is still higher than that found in European cities (Puxbaum, 2001) and cities in USA (Table III). However, it is lower than that reported for Southeast Asian sites such as Laore, Pakistan (3920 ng m-3) (Smith et al, 1996) and Calcutta (6630 ng m-3), (Chatterjee et al, 1988), Bombay (550 ng m-3) (Sharma and Patil, 1992), India.…”

Section: Lead (Pb) Concentrationcontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC) (Khaliquzzaman et al, 1997) reported 463 ng m-3 lead in Dhaka air during the dry months in 1997. For mega cities in India and Pakistan high exceedance of the WHO guideline values for cadmium and lead were reported (Sharma and Patil, 1992;Smith et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace metal concentration in atmospheric aerosols in some city areas of Bangladesh

Mondol

Khaled

Chamon

et al. 2015

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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Aerosol particulate matter and trace gases were sampled at five locations in the city areas of Bangladesh. The sampling sites were selected in the city areas near motor vehicles run with heavy traffic. The average concentrations of total suspended particulate matter in city ambient air were 413.02, 292.63, 671.65, 184.09 and 301.13 µg m-³ in Dhaka, Noakhali, Chittagong, Faridpur and Kustia, respectively, which were higher than the daily average value, given by WHO and US EPA standard. The highest SPM concentration is in Chittagong (671.65 µg m-³) and the lowest in Faridpur (184.09 µg m-³). The city areas studied fall in the 'Unhealthy" to "Extremely Unhealthy' class according to the Air Quality Index, 2003. Trace metal concentrations of total suspended particulate matter in city ambient air were analyzed. The reported previous Pb concentration in farmgate, Dhaka was 1238 ng m -3 by Biswas et al., (2003) and now shows a decreasing tendency, presumably due to the ban on the use of leaded fuel. The average results of trace metals have been compared to national and international standards. The Cu and Zn concentration of current study is found very high in comparison with other previously reported results. The air of Chittagong city is highly polluted. Motor vehicles, especially two stroke engine vehicles are increasingly major sources of air pollution in Chittagong.

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Section: Cadmium (Cd) Concentrationcontrasting

confidence: 45%

Section: Lead (Pb) Concentrationcontrasting

confidence: 45%

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Trace metal concentration in atmospheric aerosols in some city areas of Bangladesh

Mondol

Khaled

Chamon

et al. 2015

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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“…The guideline value for Cadmium by WHO is 5.0 ng•m −3 which is slightly lower than the average value and may be comparable with our values, but three to fourfold lower than the values reported for other Southeast Asian sites [27] ranging from 0.2 to 34.9 ng•m −3 . The total average of Cd concentration in Dhaka city was 13 ng•m −3 reported by Salam et al [28], which is about two times higher than the current value.…”

Section: Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 33%

Trace Metals Concentrations at the Atmosphere Particulate Matters in the Southeast Asian Mega City (Dhaka, Bangladesh)

Islam¹,

Majumder²,

Mamun³

et al. 2015

OJAP

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Atmospheric particulate matters were collected on quartz fibre filters for 24 hours with a low volume sampler from January 2014 to March 2014 at the Southeast Asian mega city (Dhaka, Bangladesh). Particulate matters samples were analysed for eleven trace metals with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) at Cà Foscari University of Venice, Italy. Trace metals were extracted from filters with digestion method using a mixture of HNO3 and H2O2. The average concentration of the determined trace metals of As, Cd, Ni, Cu, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, Sband Se were 3.06, 6.28, 3.77, 11.98, 305.6, 9.2, 2057.0, 42.2, 303.3, 5.47 and 2.43 ng•m −3 , respectively. Arsenic concentration is much lower in the atmosphere of Dhaka, though Bangladesh has severe arsenic problem in the ground water. Lead and cadmium concentrations showed decreasing trend in Dhaka compared than previous measurements-but still they have very high levels compared than Europe and USA. There is very limited information for Mn, Sb and Se concentrations in Dhaka air. Correlation studies showed that several trace metals had potential joint sources of origin, e.g., manganese is highly correlated with iron (r 2 = 0.97) and nickel (r 2 = 0.84), copper (r 2 = 0.86); lead with arsenic (r 2 = 0.79) and antimony (r 2 = 0.78). Enrichment factors analysis was also done with the data base for the respective metals in earth crust and coal fly ash. As and Cu both have combined sources, whereas Cd, Pb and Zn were from coal fly ash.Trace metals concentrations in Dhaka city air were much higher than Europe and USA but comparable or slightly lower than other south Asian countries. This is the first extensive study for the eleven trace metals with ICP-MS in Dhaka,

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“…The higher Cd concentration at the industrial site may be due to the release of Cd from different industrial mechanical processes. The total average of Cd in Dhaka (13 ng m -3 ) is slightly higher than that previously reported by Salam et al 2003, is comparable with those found in Spain (Querol et al 2002), but if three-to fourfold lower than the values reported for other Southeast Asian sites (Sharma and Patil 1992;Smith et al 1996).…”

Section: Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 41%

Characteristics of atmospheric trace gases, particulate matter, and heavy metal pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Salam

Hossain

Siddique

et al. 2008

Air Qual Atmos Health

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Aerosol particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) and trace gases (SO 2 , NO 2 , CO and O 3 ) were sampled at five locations in greater Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January and April 2006. Particulate matter was collected on microfiber filters with a low-volume sampler, and trace gases (SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 ) were collected with an impinger equipped with PM samplers. Carbon monoxide was determined using the Indicator Tube method. The total average concentrations of SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, and O 3 were 48.3, 21.0, 166.0 and 28 μg m -3 , respectively. The total average concentrations of SO 2 and NO 2 were much lower than the annual average guideline values of the World Health Organization (WHO). The total average O 3 concentration was also much lower than the daily maximum values established by WHO (average of 100 μg m -3 for an 8-h sample). The total average concentrations of five sites were 263, 75.5 and 66.2 μg m -3 for SPM, PM 10 and PM 2.5 , respectively. The mass of PM 2.5 is approximately 88% of the PM 10 mass, indicating that fossil fuel is the main source of PM in Dhaka. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the heavy metal concentrations in the PM 2.5 size fraction. The total average concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in PM 2.5 were 6.3, 13, 94, 433, 204, and 381 ng m -3 , respectively. The Pb concentration in Dhaka shows a decreasing tendency, presumably due to the ban on the use of leaded fuel. The overall trace metal concentrations in Dhaka are higher than those in European (e.g., Spain, Norway) and East Asian (e.g., Taiwan) locations, but lower than those measured in Southeast Asian (Kanpur, Delhi, Mumbai, India; Lahore, Pakistan) cities.

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Chemical composition and source identification of bombay aerosol

Cited by 22 publications

References 17 publications

Trace metal concentration in atmospheric aerosols in some city areas of Bangladesh

Trace metal concentration in atmospheric aerosols in some city areas of Bangladesh

Trace Metals Concentrations at the Atmosphere Particulate Matters in the Southeast Asian Mega City (Dhaka, Bangladesh)

Characteristics of atmospheric trace gases, particulate matter, and heavy metal pollution in Dhaka, Bangladesh

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