Chemical Characterization, Nutritional and Bioactive Properties of Physalis peruviana Fruit from High Areas of the Atacama Desert

Abstract

Physalis peruviana L. belongs to the Solanaceae family and produces a spherical fruit used to treat various diseases. However, the chemical composition, nutritional characterization, and bioactive properties of the P. peruviana growing in the Andean region of the Atacama Desert have not been conducted so far. The results showed clear differences in the nutritional and bioactive characteristics of the fruits grown in arid environmental conditions, which were comparable to those from countries with a production tradition. The fruits studied showed a higher Ca, Cu, Mn, P, and Zn content and bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and tannins than those reported in the literature. UHPLC was performed to determine the main phenols. Gallic acid was identified as the predominant phenolic compound in this species (303.63 mg/100 g FW), of which to our knowledge no previous study has reported similar concentrations in this species. Moreover, Cape gooseberry extract has antioxidant and antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Pseudomonas syringae (MIC 0.313 mg/mL and MBC 1.25 mg/mL) was the most susceptible bacterium. Meanwhile, Erwinia rhapontici was the most resistant bacterium (MIC and MIB 5.00 mg/mL). Furthermore, it was found to inhibit α-amylase activity with an IC50 value (39.28 µg/mL) similar to that of acarbose (35.74 µg/mL). These results expand the knowledge of the species cultivated in arid environmental conditions and suggest an alternative for the potential use of this fruit to manage chronic diseases such as diabetes.

QTOF-ESI MS Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Physalis peruviana L. (Cape Gooseberry) Husks and Fruits from Costa Rica

“…Compared with the literature, the values obtained were similar to those previously reported for fruits from Chile (1.20-2.68 mg GAE/g of dry material) [61]. On the other hand, the values reported in terms of fresh weight for the fruits from Peru (15.20 mg GAE/100 g FW) [56], Chile (6.12-26.2 mg GAE/100 g FW) [62,63], Brazil (47.8-57.9 mg GAE/100 g of fresh weight) [64] and Colombia (60-140 mg GAE/100 g FW) [65] were within the range of or lower than the results for the Costa Rican fruits (34.5-59.4 mg GAE/100 g FW) in this study.…”

Health Benefits of Postbiotics Produced by E. coli Nissle 1917 in Functional Yogurt Enriched with Cape Gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.)

“…Overall, the quantified amount of tannins in Cape gooseberry fruit aqueous extract (as 0.71 mg CE/g DW) as noted by Namiesnik, et al [41], supported the previous declaration. The identification of bound polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid, 1-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucoside, 1-O-caffeoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, naringin, and myricetin-3-O-neohesperidoside in Cape gooseberry fruit has been reported [42][43][44]. In this regard, the ability of microorganisms and their enzymatic systems, including glycosidases and esterases, to hydrolyze such these bound polyphenols into free ones or other lower molecular weight bioactive metabolites via further biotransformation mechanisms has been reported [45][46][47][48].…”

Osmodeshidratación de Physalis peruviana L. utilizando panela con aplicación de ultrasonido y agitación

“…La capacidad antioxidante de los frutos de aguaymanto es atribuible a diversos compuestos bioactivos presentes en su estructura celular, como la vitamina C, polifenoles, carotenoides y ácido clorogénico. En este sentido, en aguaymanto deshidratado por liofilización se ha reportado contenidos de fenoles (26,24 mg GAE/100 g de fruto fresco), flavonoides (1,48 mg QE/100 g de fruto fresco), taninos (1,74 mg ácido tánico/100 g de fruto fresco) y antocianinas (0,88 μg/100 g de fruto fresco) presentes en el extracto etanólico (Muñoz et al, 2021).…”

“…Su composición química reporta concentraciones importantes de fibra cruda (4,61 g/100 g), azúcares totales (8,79 g/100 g), de los cuales, más del 90 % corresponde a azúcares reductores (8,03 g/100 g), vitamina C (26,70 g/100 g), carotenoides (5,95 μg/g), con la una acidez titulable de 1,25 % el cual es expresado como ácido cítrico (Guiné et al, 2020). En cuanto a la concentración de minerales, Muñoz et al (2021) reportan concentraciones de 256,32, 20,04, 17,80, 16,87 y 94,75 mg/100 g de fruto fresco para potasio, magnesio, calcio, sodio y fósforo respectivamente, no obstante, la composición química durante el almacenamiento es variable con lo que tiende a disminuir su calidad afectando su comercialización, por lo cual su manera más común de comercialización es deshidratada.…”