Chemical characteristics of rainwater at an urban site of south-central India

Kulshrestha, Umesh Chandra; Kulshrestha, Monika J.; Sekar, R.; Sastry, G. S. R.; Vairamani, M.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(03)00266-8

Cited by 223 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

137

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Quality check of chemical analysis of snowfall was carried out by calculating ion balance and conductivity balance (Ayers, 1995;Kulshrestha et al, 2003Kulshrestha et al, , 2005 ) which indicated good ion balance for samples. Very good correlation between measured electrical conductivity (EC) and calculated conductivity (R 2 = 0.86) further confirmed good quality of dataset.…”

Section: Qa/qc Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Range Transport and Wet Deposition Fluxes of Major Chemical Species in Snow at Gulmarg in North Western Himalayas (India)

Kumar

Singh

Gupta

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The study reports snow chemistry and long range transport of pollutants at Gulmarg in north-western Himalayan region of India during winters of 2012-2013. The pH of snowmelt varied between 5.16 and 7.68 with an average of 5.90. The frequency distribution of pH of snowmelt showed that the maximum number of samples (31%) had pH between 6.81 and 7.20. However, 12% samples were observed to be acidic (below 5.6 respectively. Both local emissions as well as long range transport (LRT) of pollutants were found to be the sources of these ionic species. Backward airmass trajectory calculations showed that this site received airmasses from six major sectors i.e., i) North Atlantic Ocean origin (NAO), ii) African origin (Af), iii) Middle East origin (ME), iv) European origin (Eu), v) Western India origin (InW), vi) Pakistan origin (Pk). The highest average pH (7.58) of the snowfall was noticed during InW airmasses which had the lowest ratios of nssSO 4 2-/nssCa 2+ and NO 3 -/nssCa 2+ . Very high pH has been observed in precipitation samples at Indian sites due to buffering of acidic components by atmospheric dust rich in CaCO 3 . The lowest pH (4.94) was noticed for ME airmasses which had the highest nssSO 4 2-/nssCa 2+ and NO 3 -/nssCa 2+ ratios. Data of present study was compared with a study reported almost three decades ago. We noticed a drastic increase in the concentrations of anthropogenic components such as nssSO 4 2-(114%), NO 3 -(109%) and NH 4 + (90%). This is probably due to increase in LRT of pollutants as well as local activities during past three decades.

show abstract

Section: Qa/qc Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Range Transport and Wet Deposition Fluxes of Major Chemical Species in Snow at Gulmarg in North Western Himalayas (India)

Kumar

Singh

Gupta

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Acidification and the ion concentration in the precipitation depend on the constituents of the pollution source, on its physical constitution in the hydrologic system, on the chemical transformation during the cloud development, and on the scavenging below the cloud (Kulshrestha et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of wet precipitation and its chemical composition in South of Brazil

Teixeira

Migliavacca

Filho

et al. 2008

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study is to analyze the chemical composition of wet precipitation in samples collected at three stations in the Candiota region in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Samples were collected in 2004. Variables analyzed in wet precipitation were pH, conductivity, and concentration of Cl − , NO − 3 , SO 2− 4 F − , Na + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , NH + 4 , Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cd, Co, and Cr. SO 2 and NO 2 distribution over the time were also evaluated. Results have showed that pH < 5.6 are found mostly at Candiota airport (85%), followed by Aceguá (72%) and Três Lagoas (65%). Enrichment Factor of the studied ions in wet deposition revealed higher Ca 2+ and SO 2− 4 enrichment in Três Lagoas. Factor Analysis applied to metals and major ions allowed identifying the major sources. While Cl − , Na + , Mg 2+ are of marine origin, SO 2− 4 , NO − 3 , NH + 4 , F − come from anthropogenic sources. Except for Fe and Mn originating from the soil dust, the metals studied showed to have anthropogenic influence The average SO 2 and NO 2 concentration, as well as SO 2− 4 and NO − 3 in wet precipitation in the Candiota region showed higher concentrations during the warmer months.

show abstract

“…In spite of the restrictions on SO 2 emission introduced in many countries, NO x contamination, which originates from motor vehicles and other combustion processes carried out at high temperature, still remains at a high level (Gimeno et al 2001;Rosborg et al 2003;Tran et al 2011). AR is a major environmental threat for many regions in Europe, Asia and North America and especially concerns developing countries (Kulshrestha et al 2003). In most regions its pH values range from 4.4 to 2.3 (Shan et al 1996); however, Gravano reported AR value as low as 1.4 on San Rossore Estate (Pisa, Italy) (Gravano et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercompartmental differences between cytosol and mitochondria in their respective antioxidative responses and lipid peroxidation levels in acid rain stress

Wyrwicka

Skłodowska

2013

Acta Physiol Plant

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Relatively little is known about the direct influence of acid rain (AR) on pro-and antioxidative changes in plant cells. Intercompartmental differences between cytosol and mitochondria have not been studied before. Aboveground parts of plants were treated with different pH variants of AR and oxidative damages (lipid peroxidation) as well as antioxidative enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; ascorbate peroxidase, APx; glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px) in the cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions were examined. The character of changes in antioxidative enzyme activities and of oxidative damages was closely connected with the cell compartment as well as with pH and time after treatment. The activity of both APx and GSH-Px increased more intensively in cytosol. Contrastingly, strong induction of lipid peroxide formation was observed in the mitochondrial fraction. In both cell compartments SOD activity did not change significantly. The results suggest that cucumber mitochondria are more susceptible to oxidative damage caused by AR than cytosol. Antioxidative defence of cytosol appeared to provide sufficient protection against the oxidative stress imposed by AR.

show abstract

Chemical characteristics of rainwater at an urban site of south-central India

Cited by 223 publications

References 14 publications

Long Range Transport and Wet Deposition Fluxes of Major Chemical Species in Snow at Gulmarg in North Western Himalayas (India)

Long Range Transport and Wet Deposition Fluxes of Major Chemical Species in Snow at Gulmarg in North Western Himalayas (India)

Study of wet precipitation and its chemical composition in South of Brazil

Intercompartmental differences between cytosol and mitochondria in their respective antioxidative responses and lipid peroxidation levels in acid rain stress

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About