Charge transfer across a polymer gel/liquid interface

Flow-injection amperometry at microfabricated silicon-based μ-liquid–liquid interface arrays

“…On the whole, this problem was circumvented by gellification of the organic phase with poly(vinyl) chloride (PVC) [12,14,18,20,24,[28][29][30][31][32][33] or insertion of solid porous membrane materials between the two immiscible solutions [13, 15-17, 21, 23, 25-27]. Inevitable reductions in diffusion coefficients of the analyte ions, associated with gellification of the organic phase, have not proven problematic when monitoring ion transfer by amperometric and voltammetric methods.…”

Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Choline Based on Micro-Fabricated Composite Membrane

“…As a non-redox ionic species we chose the choline ion. Choline and acetylcholine, which both are important neurotransmitters in mammals, have been studied at the ITIES by several authors [12][13][14][15] , and in particular acetylcholine transfer across a polyvinylchloride-nitrobenzene gel/liquid interface has been investigated. 14,15 Due to the growing needs for on-site clinical monitoring of the choline, enzyme modified amperometric sensors for the detection of choline using carbon microelectrode have been developed by Xin et al 16 and the design of implantable choline and acetylcholine sensors using electrochemical method have also been attempted by several authors.…”

Electrochemistry at liquid/liquid interfaces: methodology and potential applications

“…Using a polymeric organic electrolyte phase was first attempted by Senda et al [62,63] who solidified a nitrobenzene electrolyte solution by the adjunction of polyvinylchloride (PVC). A similar approach was followed by Marecek et al [64][65][66] and Wang et al [67] who described electroanalytical applications of ion transfer reactions across liquid/polymer-gel and agar-gel/liquid interfaces.…”