Charge Ordering in Lithium Vanadium Phosphates:  Electrode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

The delithiation process in monoclinic Li3V2(PO4)3 has been determined by powder neutron diffraction coupled with 7Li solid-state NMR techniques. Charge ordering of vanadium (V3+/V4+) was observed in Li2V2(PO4)3 as shown by the gray and blue V-O octahedra, respectively, indicating that the electrons are pinned in this phase and hence transport is limited.

Improved Rate Capability of Li/Li3V2(PO4)3Cell for Advanced Lithium Secondary Battery

“…19 The two Li + ions extraction is also associated with the V 3+ /V 4+ redox couple. Throughout the negative scan, however there is apparent difference that can observe between as-prepared and milled samples.…”

Improvement of High Rate Performances for Ti-Doped Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ Cathode Materials

“…1,2 Therefore, this material is capable to keep a large theoretical capacity of 197 mAh g ¹1 and high redox voltages during all three lithium ions delivery. 3 This potential performance is desirable for practical use to achieve high energy density.…”

The Electrochemical Performance of Li3V2(PO4)3/Graphene Nano-powder Composites as Cathode Material for Li-ion Batteries

“…4a shows the first charge-discharge curves of the LVP and LVP/ graphene composite in the potential range of 3.0-4.3 V at 0.1 C. As shown in Fig. 4a, all the composites showed obviously three charge and discharge plateaus, which are identified as the two-phase transition processes during electrochemical reactions [6][7][8][9]30]. The first oxidation peaks around 3.6 and 3.7 V correspond to the removal of first Li in two steps, since there is an ordered Li 2.5 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 phase.…”

“…As the properties of the cathode material determine the performance of the LIB, it is essential to develop the new active materials for the cathode in advanced battery systems. Recently, the monoclinic Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 has been considered as cathode materials for the advanced LIBs due to the lithium ion mobility, high reversible capacity, high operating voltage and safety [4][5][6][7][8][9]. It can also reversibly extract/insert two lithium ions between 3.0 and 4.3 V based on the V 3+ / V 4+ redox couple (1 C = 133 mAh g…”