Characterizing Physically Transient Antennas

Chen, Yifan; Alomainy, Akram; Anwar, Putri Santi; Huang, Limin

doi:10.1109/tap.2015.2414444

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The results enable bioresorbable implants that bypass secondary surgical procedures for extraction, environmental sensors that avoid the need for retrieval and collection after use, and compostable electronics that eliminate costs and risks associated with recycling operations (24-26). Specific examples in the research literature include simple passive and active components (e.g., resistors, Si transistors), complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) inverters and their logic gates, sensors and detectors, energy storage devices and harvesters, and wireless RF power scavengers (27)(28)(29)(30). The most recent results show, in fact, that transient electronics can be built using conventional tools in a CMOS fabrication environment, with device and circuit designs that incorporate biodegradable materials, such as Si, SiO 2 , and W, with only minute amounts of nondegradable materials, such as Significance Bioresorbable electronic systems have the potential to create important new categories of technologies, ranging from temporary biomedical implants to environmentally benign, green consumer devices.…”

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confidence: 99%

Materials and processing approaches for foundry-compatible transient electronics

Chang

Fang

Bower³

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Foundry-based routes to transient silicon electronic devices have the potential to serve as the manufacturing basis for "green" electronic devices, biodegradable implants, hardware secure data storage systems, and unrecoverable remote devices. This article introduces materials and processing approaches that enable state-of-theart silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) foundries to be leveraged for high-performance, water-soluble forms of electronics. The key elements are (i) collections of biodegradable electronic materials (e.g., silicon, tungsten, silicon nitride, silicon dioxide) and device architectures that are compatible with manufacturing procedures currently used in the integrated circuit industry, (ii) release schemes and transfer printing methods for integration of multiple ultrathin components formed in this way onto biodegradable polymer substrates, and (iii) planarization and metallization techniques to yield interconnected and fully functional systems. Various CMOS devices and circuit elements created in this fashion and detailed measurements of their electrical characteristics highlight the capabilities. Accelerated dissolution studies in aqueous environments reveal the chemical kinetics associated with the underlying transient behaviors. The results demonstrate the technical feasibility for using foundry-based routes to sophisticated forms of transient electronic devices, with functional capabilities and cost structures that could support diverse applications in the biomedical, military, industrial, and consumer industries.soft electronics | biodegradable electronics | transfer printing | undercut etching | hydrolysis S emiconductor technology is increasingly essential to nearly all aspects of modern society, with projections of market sizes that will exceed $7 trillion in 2017, equivalent to 10% of the world's gross domestic product (1-4). The rapid and accelerating pace of innovation in this area leads to increases in the frequency with which consumers upgrade their devices, thereby contributing to the production of >50 million tons of electronic waste (e-waste) each year (5, 6). Furthermore, the anticipated emergence of electronics for internet-of-things applications, along with the continued proliferation of radio frequency (RF) identification tags and other high-volume electronic goods, create daunting challenges with the management of this e-waste (7, 8). These considerations motivate research into forms of electronics that can degrade naturally into the environment to harmless end products. Such technology is also of interest for other, unique classes of applications, ranging from biodegradable, temporary electronic implants to hardware secure data systems and unrecoverable, field-deployed devices (9-12). Sometimes referred to collectively as transient electronics, these types of devices can be constructed by using designer materials, such as specially formulated polymers or natural products (13-16), or clever combinations of established materials, well-aligned to existing ...

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confidence: 99%

Materials and processing approaches for foundry-compatible transient electronics

Chang

Fang

Bower³

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…These devices have been gaining momentum and have become a major focus of research and development efforts due to principally critical characteristics including improving health, monitoring patient's conditions and patient's safety. Biocompatible and biodegradable devices are engineered to completely resorb in the human body after fulfilling their therapeutic and diagnostic functions, thereby avoiding secondary procedures to remove the implants after their period of use [4], [5]. Equipped with precision sensors/antenna modules combined with integrated processing and telemetry circuitry, wireless implants can remotely monitor a variety of physical and chemical parameters within the human body, and thereby allow an immediate evaluation of an individual's medical conditions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Use of Bio-Based Dielectric Substrate for Implanted Radio Frequency Antennas

et al. 2019

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Equipped with precision sensors/antenna modules combined with integrated processing and telemetry circuitry, wireless implants that are both biocompatible and biodegradable are important devices for monitoring patient's conditions and patient's safety. In this article we report on the development, design, and testing of a bio-based monopole radio frequency (RF) sensor/antenna module for potential use in human health applications. The module is built on a dielectric substrate biocomposite made of 0.5:1.0 ratio of polylactic acid (PLA) to sunflower carbon substrate (SCS) produced via pyrolysis of seeds shells. Findings for the SCS include optimized reactor yields around 7.9 wt.% at 500 • C, a 0.27:1.0 fixed to elemental carbon content, dielectric constant near 3.4, loss factor between 0.0 and 0.4 measured in the 1 to 6 GHz frequency range. The PLA-SCS biocomposite exhibited comparable dielectric properties to those of pure SCS, a 17% elastic modulus increase, and over 500% increase in hardness. Numerical simulation of the designed sensor/antenna module agreed fairly well with the experimental validation results. Tests of the fabricated sensor/antenna module on water, soil and muscle tissue phantom, as well as implanted inside muscle tissue phantom, via the reflection coefficient (S 11 ) and in a communication link via the transmission coefficient (S 21 ) confirmed use and applicability of the developed antenna.INDEX TERMS Monopole antenna, bio-based substrate, pyrolysis, polylactic acid composite.

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