Characterization of mitochondria isolated from normal and ischemic hearts in rats utilizing atomic force microscopy

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of heart mitochondria for evaluating the degree of myocardial injury utilizing atomic force microscopy

“…Wu et al (2009) reported the curves of adhesive force showed dramatic alterations in the viscoelasticity of red blood cells. Also, we previously reported that the changes in the adhesion force of mitochondria might be related to destruction of the highly dense mitochondrial outer membrane (Lee et al, 2011;Park et al, 2010). Halestrap et al (2007) showed that mitochondria in the fully open state led to the second sequence of MPTP opening and extensive swelling.…”

“…Though a novel morphometric technique was introduced to quantify the relative diameter of mitochondria labeled by targeted fluorescent proteins (Gerencser et al, 2008), quantitative analysis of them required high-resolution microscopic methods, such as electron microscopy and AFM. We previously reported that myocardial infarction might be the cause of mitochondrial swelling utilizing AFM (Lee et al, 2011). However, there are few reports on the quantification of mitochondrial swelling relative to the degree of injury.…”

Definition of Inflammation, Causes of Inflammation and Possible Anti-inflammatory Strategies

“…Second, in physiological conditions there is a constant free flow, exudation of plasma into hepatic tissue, therefore such exudation cannot create any disbalance of oncotic forces and consequently cannot contribute to edema at least in hepatitis. Further, transcapillary exudation cannot explain appearances of cellular [16][17][18][19] and mitochondrial [20,21] edema as primary phenomena in the course of inflammation. An obvious proof that any circulatory mechanism is completely unnecessary for inflammation is its appearance in avascular tissues, e.g.…”

Review on recent advances in the analysis of isolated organelles

“…In this review we focus on techniques that were more recently introduced. These include atomic force microscopy [78–80], optical tweezers [81, 82], organelle sensors [83], flow cytometry [84, 85], capillary electrophoresis [36, 86–98], and microfluidic approaches [99–101]. The reports included in this review are summarized in Table 2.…”

“…Lee et al used AFM for the first time to characterize morphological and nano-mechanical changes in isolated rat heart mitochondria after myocardial infarction [78]. By topographic and force-stance curve measurements, the authors found that ischemic stimuli led to mitochondrial swelling and decrease in adhesion forces.…”