Characterization of Local and Exotic Sugarcane Genotypes on the Basis of Morphological and Quality Related Attributes

Abstract

The current breeding program of sugarcane in Pakistan does not fulfill the variety evolution of desired characters. It mostly depends on import of exotic fuzz-seed of sugarcane varieties, without keeping varietal characters in view. So, it is the dire need of the time to characterize the sugarcane germplasm not only for saving resources but also for finding genetic relationships among breeding materials for overall sugarcane crop improvement. In the present study 60 genotypes of sugarcane, belonged to 3 research stations two of Pakistan and one from Sri Lanka, were characterized using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster Analysis. At maturity data were analyzed for 19 traits and analyzed. PCA showed seven principal components (PCs) having eigen value more than one and exhibited 72.1% variability in the genotypes. Four groups of PCA were formed for the traits. Cluster analysis placed genotypes in seven groups. Groups were not formed according to origins of genotypes which might be due to resemblance in their progenitors. Each cluster was also marked for specific trait improvement related to that cluster based upon maximum mean value of that trait, either through selection or hybridization. Four traits were found better in Sugarcane Research Institute, Faisalabad (SRI, FSD) genotypes, five in Shakarganj Sugarcane Research Institute (SSRI), Jhang genotypes and three in Sugarcane Research Institute (SRI), Udawalawae, Sri Lankan genotypes, on the basis of mean values. Thus more emphasis could be given on these traits related to specific station for use in variety selection program for improvement of target trait. Another interesting conclusion drawn from the study was that clusters were not formed according to genotypes of a specific research station because these local and exotic sugarcane genotypes are allopolyploid (with aneuploidy) hybrids, and can be traced back to founder clones (S. officinarum × S. spontaneum).

Classifying Genotypic, Phenotypic Variability, Broad Sense Heritability and Principal Components of Sugarcane (𝘚𝘢𝘤𝘤𝘩𝘢𝘳𝘶𝘮 𝘰𝘧𝘧𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘯𝘢𝘳𝘶𝘮 L.) Genotypes for Better Yield, Quality and Resistance Against Red Rot

“…shows the more than 90% of total variation (Table 4 ).Our findings are in conformity with Shahzad et al (2016), Ahmed and Gardezi, (2017), Aamer et al (2018) and Khan et al (2019).…”

“…It is largely reliant on the introduction of exotic fuzz-seed sugarcane types, with little regard for varietal characteristics. As a result, characterising sugarcane germplasm is critical not just for resource conservation but also for identifying genetic linkages across breeding materials for overall sugarcane crop improvement (SHAHZAD et al, 2016). Taking into account foregoing research work, the present study was planned to evaluate sugarcane germplasm for yield traits in response to sugarcane red rot severity under natural filed condition with ultimate objective to search out sugarcane red rot free genotypes having high yield to secure sugarcane crop and their supplementary utilization in sugarcane breeding program.…”

Morphological, agronomical, physiological and molecular characterization of a high sugar mutant of sugarcane in comparison to mother variety

“…China is one of the main sugar producers in the world while Guangxi is the largest sugarcane and sugar-producing area in China, whose sugar production accounts for more than 60% of the total in China [ 8 ]. Sugar yield is a quantitative character which depends upon cane yield, sucrose content and sugar recovery [ 9 ].…”

Genetic diversity of parental clones used in breeding programs of sugarcane

“…Thirty eight superior interspecific hybrids with high index score for agronomic traits and wider inter cluster distance were identified as pre breeding stocks and utilized in further backcross programmes In this study, we used the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and identified five traits for phenotypic characterization of sugarcane, and there by to select superior clones in the breeding process. Kang et al (2013), Ongala et al (2016), Shahzad et al (2016) and Mehrabeb et al (2020) in their studies identified most of the yield traits to be significant in identifying the superior clones and their contribution to the selected traits. The pattern of expression of genotypes in each PCs and environment varied.…”