Characterization of fretting fatigue damage of PVD TiN coated biomedical titanium alloys

Ceramics and ceramic coatings in orthopaedics

“…Inherent fatigue data for coatings are difficult to obtain because of their thin nature. Indeed, excluding hydroxyapatite [384,385], fatigue results for coatings are more associated with the substrate, or the interface between the coating and the substrate, than the coating itself; and even here, there is a scarcity of reported values. The coating obviously imparts fatigue resistance to the substrate because of its combination of inertness, higher hardness, compressive stress, and adhesion [384,385].…”

“…Indeed, excluding hydroxyapatite [384,385], fatigue results for coatings are more associated with the substrate, or the interface between the coating and the substrate, than the coating itself; and even here, there is a scarcity of reported values. The coating obviously imparts fatigue resistance to the substrate because of its combination of inertness, higher hardness, compressive stress, and adhesion [384,385]. However, if the coating delaminates in vivo, it can have a dramatic opposite effect, leading to poorer fatigue of the underlying metal [133].…”

Enhancing osseointegration using surface-modified titanium implants

“…55 Several reviews have summarized the surface modifi cation methods of titanium and titanium alloys for biomedical applications. [47][48][49]56 They include mechanical methods such as machining, grinding, polishing, and sandblasting; 57-59 heat treatment; 60 chemical methods such as acid [61][62][63] and alkali etching, 42 anodization, 42,64 sintering, 65 and sol-gel; 56 chemical vapor deposition such as TiN, TiC, TiCN, [66][67][68] and diamond coatings; 69 and physical deposition such as plasma spraying, 47,70-77 laser deposition, [78][79][80] evaporation, 81 plasma treatment, [82][83][84] sputtering, [85][86][87][88][89][90][91] and ion implantation. [92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101] All these methods can be used to change the implant surface chemistry, morphology, and structure.…”

The tribological difference between biomedical steels and CoCrMo-alloys

“…In orthopedic surgery several self-mating metal couples are used for different applications such as screws, bone plates (Vadiraj and Kamaraj, 2006; Weinstein et al, 1973), total disc and hip arthroplasty (THA) (Bono and Garfin, 2004; Jacobs et al, 1994; Scales and Lowe, 1972; Stanton and Eck, 2010; Valdevit and Errico, 2004) as well as surface replacements (SR). For the hip, stainless steel couples were already tested 70 years ago by Wiles (Wiles, 1949; Wiles, 1958) and the Judet brothers (Sherk, 2003), however, these bearings failed for various reasons.…”