Characterization of Breeds of Bos Indicus and Bos Taurus Cattle for Maternal and Individual Traits

Abstract

Angus, Boran and Red Poll sires were mated to Ankole, Boran and small East African Zebu (Zebu) females to produce the cows characterized in this study, which produced calves by Friesian, Brown Swiss, Simmental, Boran and Red Poll sires. Individual traits included cow parturition weight, cow weight at weaning, cow mean weight and cow weight change from parturition to weaning; maternal traits included calf crop born percentage, preweaning viability percentage, overall viability percentage, birth weight, weaning weight, weight at 12, 18 and 24 mo and calf weight weaned per cow exposed to breeding (productivity index). Cows by Angus and Red Poll sires significantly exceeded cows by Boran sires (all cows in this comparison had Ankole and Zebu dams) in weaning weight of progeny and in cow weight at parturition and at weaning. Cows by Red Poll sires significantly exceeded cows by Boran sires in birth weight of progeny. Progeny of cows by Boran sires significantly exceeded progeny of cows by Angus and Red Poll sires in 24-mo weight. Cows by Angus and Red Poll sires did not differ (P greater than .05) in any of the traits analyzed. Cows with Ankole and Boran dams significantly exceeded cows with Zebu dams (all cows in this comparison had Angus and Red Poll sires) in progeny weight at birth, 18 mo and 24 mo and in cow weight at parturition and at weaning. Cows with Boran dams significantly exceeded cows with Zebu dams in weaning and 12-mo weight of progeny and significantly exceeded cows with Ankole dams in weaning weight of progeny. The significantly heavier weaning weight and significantly lighter 24-mo weight of the 3/4 Bos taurus progeny of cows with Angus and Red Poll sires relative to the 1/2 Bos taurus progeny of cows with Boran sires suggest that cattle that are 1/2 Bos taurus breed composition have greater general adaptation than cattle with 3/4 Bos taurus breed composition in the postweaning nutritive and climatic environment under which this experiment was conducted. Significantly heavier weights of Angus and Red Poll crossbred cows relative to Boran crossbred cows (all breeds crossed on Ankole and Zebu cows) indicate that the two Bos taurus breeds exceed the Boran (Bos indicus) breed in additive direct genetic effects for size when they have general adaptation to the environment.

Crossbreeding cattle in beef production programmes in Kenya. II. Comparison of purebred Boran and Boran crossed with the Red Poll and santa gertrudis breeds

“…Also, maternal heterosis in dams and individual heterosis in progeny were different for breed group of dam by breed of sire subclasses (Table VII). Maternal heterosis has been shown to be of major importance involving crosses among Bos taurus breeds Cundiff, Gregory, Schwulst and Koch, 1974); in crosses of a Bos ingic~ breed (Brahman) with Bos taurus breeds (Cartwright et al, 1964;Koger et al, 1975) and in crosses among Bos ingk~ breeds (Gregory, Trail, Marples and Kakonge, 1984b). The estimates of maternal heterosis in these reports range from 14.8 to 25% when expressed as calf weight weaned per year per cow exposed to breeding.…”

“…The estimates of maternal heterosis in these reports range from 14.8 to 25% when expressed as calf weight weaned per year per cow exposed to breeding. Gregory et al (1984a) reported the Red Poll breed to be superior to the Boron breed in additive maternal genetic effects in a tropical environment provided the contribution of the Bas taur~ breed is not greater than 50%.…”

“…Purebred Boran cows were included in each breed group because the Boran breed has long been regarded as a standard for comparison in beef production programmes in East Africa (Trail, Sacker and Fisher, 1971;Gregory, Trail, Marples and Kakonge, 1984a). Heterosis from breed crosses is of major economic importance for both individual and maternal traits (Gregory and Cundiff, 1980;Cartwright, Ellis, Kruse and Crouch, 1964;Koger, Peacock, Kirk and Crockett, 1975).…”

Genetic and morphological characterisation of the Ankole Longhorn cattle in the African Great Lakes region

“…They are tolerant against ticks [24] and possess a demonstrable level of resistance to theileriosis [27]. The cattle, like other indigenous breeds, can withstand severe droughts, survive on low-quality feeds and tolerate helminths to some degree [3,11].…”

Desempenho de bovinos Tabapuã e seus cruzados em pastagens de braquiária no estado da Bahia

“…O REDTAB também apresentou superioridade no GMD em relação aos demais GG, demonstrando melhor adaptação ao ambiente (clima e manejo) em relação aos outros cruzamentos. Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos por Gregory et al (1985) ao avaliarem o desempenho de bovinos ½ taurino x ½ zebuíno e ¾ taurino x ¼ zebuíno. Esse resultado pode ser associado à expressão máxima de heterose na primeira geração (F1) em cruzamentos de animais Bos taurus x Bos indicus.…”