Characterization of Bioactive Compounds in Colored Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) Cultivars Grown with Conventional, Organic, and Biodynamic Methods

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of conventional, biodynamic, and organic cultivation methods on the contents of polyphenols and carotenoids in tubers of potato cultivars with different colored flesh: “Red Emmalie”, “Salad Blue”, “Violetta”, “Tornado”, and “Laura”. These bioactive compounds were determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography method. The data received were analyzed with ANOVA and further explored and visualized by principal component analysis. Higher contents of polyphenols (sum), phenolic acids (sum), chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and caffeic acid were found in biodynamic and organic samples compared to the conventional tubers. Moreover, organically and biodynamically produced potatoes (except “Salad Blue” cultivar) were significantly richer in flavonoids and anthocyanins. The highest contents of carotenoids (sum), lutein, and β-carotene were found in biodynamic potatoes. Among the tested cultivars, “Tornado”, with white flesh, was richest in polyphenols (sum), phenolic acids (sum), chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid. “Violetta”, with dark purple flesh, accumulated the highest contents of flavonoids (sum), anthocyanins (sum), petunidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside, and peonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside. Carotenoids were only found in “Laura” tubers, and the dominating carotenoid was lutein.

Characteristics of Organically Grown Compared to Conventionally Grown Potato and the Processed Products: A Review

“…Vaitkeviciene et al [162] Higher contents of polyphenols (sum), phenolic acids (sum), chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, and cafeic acid were found in biodynamic and organic samples compared to the conventional tubers.…”

“…Under limited nitrogen availability similar to organic farming systems, plant growth is limited, and plant's metabolism shifts towards C-rich compounds such as starch and phenolic compounds [187]. Vaitkevičienė et al [162] found higher contents of polyphenols, phenolic acids, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, cafeic acid, flavonoids, and anthocyanins in potato tubers grown organically or biodynamically than in the conventionally grown potato cultivars Red Emmalie, Salad Blue, Violetta, Tornado, and Laura. Similar findings were reported by Kazimierczak et al [154], Jeon et al [224], Hamouz et al [225], and Baranski et al [201].…”

“…Potato cultivar Violetta, with a dark purple flesh, accumulated the highest contents of flavonoids, anthocyanins, petunidin-3,5-di-Oglucoside, pelargonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside, and peonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside. Colored potatoes are known for their unique sensory appeal, nutritional value, and antioxidant activities as they are rich in polyphenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids, carotenoids, tocopherols, and vitamin C [162,229]. Tatarowska et al [230] found that carotenoid content in potato tubers was higher under organic production compared to the conventional production.…”

Metabolomic and Biochemical Analysis of Two Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Cultivars Exposed to In Vitro Osmotic and Salt Stresses

“…Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the leading tuber crop [1], with beneficial nutritional impact [2,3], but is very sensitive in terms of food security [4,5]. Potato is grown in relatively cool climates and is sensitive to drought [6] due to its shallow root system [7], moderately tolerant to salinity, although highly sensitive during tubers formation [8,9].…”

Influence of Agricultural Management Practices on the Soil Properties and Mineral Composition of Potato Tubers with Different Colored Flesh

“…The recent research results confirm that higher contents of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and carotenoids, were in tubers from organic and biodynamic farming systems than from the conventional system [31,32]. However, there is a lack of information in the literature about the impact of the different farming systems (conventional, organic, and biodynamic) on the content of some elements in the potato tubers with colored flesh.…”