Characterization of Antiviral Activities in<i>Echinacea</i>. Root Preparations

Hudson, J. B.; Vimalanathan, Selvarani; Kang, Linda; Amiguet, Virginie Treyvaud; Livesey, John F.; Arnason, John T.

doi:10.1080/13880200500408491

Cited by 50 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The alkamide, polysaccharide and proteoglycan in Echinacea plants have been suggested as active compounds that can stimulate antibody production (Egert and Beuscher, 1992;Hudson et al, 2005). In an in vitro study, it has been shown that EANG extracts contain antiviral properties against the herpes simplex virus (HSV), the influenza virus (FV) and rhinovirus, whereas aqueous extracts of EPUR only show antiviral activities on HSV and FV, but no significant change has been found for EPAL extracts (Hudson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Blood Parameters and Immunological Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an in vitro study, it has been shown that EANG extracts contain antiviral properties against the herpes simplex virus (HSV), the influenza virus (FV) and rhinovirus, whereas aqueous extracts of EPUR only show antiviral activities on HSV and FV, but no significant change has been found for EPAL extracts (Hudson et al, 2005). Instead, the antibody response against the red blood cells of sheep by plaque-forming cell assays has not been affected by the supplementation of Echinacea extracts (Zhai et al, 2007).…”

Section: Blood Parameters and Immunological Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rabbit dietary supplementation with pale purple coneflower. 2. Effects on the performances, bacterial community, blood parameters and immunity of growing rabbits

Kovitvadhi

Gai

Dabbou

et al. 2016

Animal

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Echinacea pallida (EPAL), a herbaceous flowering plant with immunomodulatory properties, has been chosen to determine the pre-and post-supplementary effects on the growth performances, bacterial community, blood parameters and immunity of growing rabbits. The same Grimaud does (14-week-old) from the studied in the first part of this study were randomly divided into two groups (n = 50/group). The first group was fed a basal diet without supplementation (Control group, C) while the another group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 3 g EPAL/kg diet (Echinacea group, E). From the second parturition, 80 weaned kits (40 from the C does and 40 from the E does) were randomly assigned to four groups of 20 animals each and were fed a growing commercial diet supplemented with or without a 3 g EPAL/kg diet: the CC group (rabbits from the C does fed the control diet), CE group (rabbits from the C does fed the supplemented diet), EC (rabbits from the E does fed the control diet) and EE group (rabbits from the E does fed the supplemented diet). The dietary EPAL treatment did not affect the growth performance. Ten fattening rabbits from each group were selected to evaluate the bacterial community and blood parameters, while the remaining rabbits (n = 10/group) were used to study phagocytosis and the humoral immune response. The variability was evaluated from hard faeces at 35, 49 and 89 days, and the caecal content at 89 days. The variability of the bacterial community of the EE group was higher than that of the other groups. The phagocytic activity was higher in the CE and EE groups than in the CC and EC ones (30.9 and 29.7 v. 21.2 and 21.8%; P < 0.05), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed for the blood parameters or humoral immune response against vaccination (rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus) at 95 days old which the serum was collected at 88, 102, 109, 116 and 123 days old. In conclusion, no impact of EPAL dietary supplementation has been observed on the growth performances, bacterial community, blood parameters or humoral immune responses in growing rabbits, except for an increase in phagocytic activities.

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Section: Blood Parameters and Immunological Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Blood Parameters and Immunological Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabbit dietary supplementation with pale purple coneflower. 2. Effects on the performances, bacterial community, blood parameters and immunity of growing rabbits

Kovitvadhi

Gai

Dabbou

et al. 2016

Animal

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“…Complete extraction details were described previously Hudson et al, 2005). Briefly, 10 g of the root materials were extracted exhaustively at 40°C with an accelerated solvent extractor (Dionex, ASE100) with either distilled water or 70% ethanol and extracts brought to a final volume of 50 mL.…”

Section: Echinacea Extracts and Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously evaluated aqueous and ethanol fractions, and various solvent sub-fractions, derived from the three species, for antiviral activities, which we found in many of the fractions, although there was no apparent correlation with the presence or composition of the principal marker compounds, the alkylamides, polysaccharides and caffeic acid derivatives Hudson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of Echinacea marker compounds have been characterized, including polysaccharides, caffeic acid derivatives (CADs) and alkylamides (Bauer, 1998;Binns et al, 2002), and these have all been shown to possess infectionrelated bio-activities in various tests in vitro and in vivo, including immune-modulating activities, anti-viral activities, and antibiotic activities (Burger et al, 1997;Bauer, 1998;Rininger et al, 2000;Goel et al, 2002;Merali et al, 2003;Gertsch et al, 2004;Vimalanathan et al, 2005;Hudson et al, 2005;Raduner et al, 2006;Sharma et al, 2006;LaLone et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-inflammatory activities ofEchinaceaextracts do not correlate with traditional marker components

Vimalanathan

Arnason

Hudson

2009

Pharmaceutical Biology

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A critical evaluation of drug interactions with Echinacea spp.

Freeman

Spelman

2008

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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Accurate information concerning drug-herb interactions is vital for both healthcare providers and patients. Unfortunately, many of the reviews on drug-herb interactions contain overstated or inaccurate information. To provide accurate information on drug-herb interactions healthcare providers must account for product verification, dosage, medicinal plant species, and plant part used. This critical review assessed the occurrence of drug interactions with one of the top selling botanical remedies, echinacea including Echinacea angustifolia, E. pallida, and E. purpurea. Only eight papers containing primary data relating to drug interactions were identified. Herbal remedies made from E. purpurea appear to have a low potential to generate cytochrome P450 (CYP 450) drug-herb interactions including CYP 450 1A2 (CYP1A2) and CYP 450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Currently there are no verifiable reports of drug-herb interactions with any echinacea product. However, further pharmacokinetic testing is necessary before conclusive statements can be made about echinacea drug-herb interactions. Given our findings, the estimated risk of taking echinacea products (1 in 100,000), the number of echinacea doses consumed yearly (> 10 million), the number of adverse events (< 100) and that the majority of use is short term, E. purpurea products (roots and/or aerial parts) do not appear to be a risk to consumers.

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Characterization of Antiviral Activities inEchinacea. Root Preparations

Cited by 50 publications

References 11 publications

Rabbit dietary supplementation with pale purple coneflower. 2. Effects on the performances, bacterial community, blood parameters and immunity of growing rabbits

Rabbit dietary supplementation with pale purple coneflower. 2. Effects on the performances, bacterial community, blood parameters and immunity of growing rabbits

Anti-inflammatory activities ofEchinaceaextracts do not correlate with traditional marker components

A critical evaluation of drug interactions with Echinacea spp.

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