Characterization of aged male BALB/ccenp mice as a model of dementia

Esquivel, Nashelly; García, Yenela; Lores, Bestraida; Gutiérrez, Marivy; Rodríguez, Claudio

doi:10.1186/s42826-020-00038-0

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Additionally, we observed a trend towards decreased spontaneous alternations when comparing young adult, 1 MPI, and aged, 12 MPI, mock-infected mice (Figure 6G). These findings are in agreement with previous studies of cognitive impairment in BALB/cJ mice in which cognitive decline was first measurable at 12 months of age (Esquivel et al, 2020). We see a significant decrease in cognition with infection status and age when comparing 1 MPI mock and 12 MPI MCMV-infected cohorts.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…For this study, prioritized assessment of structures and processes governing the brain-immune interface so we did not measure Aβ plaques or accumulation of tau tangles, hallmarks of AD. This study also used female mice only, future studies will include males to compare results from current models of dementia and aging (Esquivel et al, 2020). Many of our assays used whole brain or a hemisphere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The significant decrease in cognitive function when merging the cofactors age and infection strongly points to a synergy between CMV infection and age. A study in BALB/c mice was first able to detect cognitive decline using the Y-maze when comparing 4 month old mice to 12 month old mice (Esquivel et al, 2020). The fact that we detected impaired cognition with age matched controls at the 12 MPI timepoint strongly suggests that MCMV infection accelerates cognitive decline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intermittent Cytomegalovirus Infection Alters Neurobiological Metabolism and Induces Cognitive Deficits in Mice

Harrison

Morris

Rudman

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Risk factors contributing to dementia are multifactorial. Pathogens as risk factors for dementia is largely correlative with few causal relationships. Here, we demonstrate that intermittent cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in mice, mimicking human chronic infection and reactivation/reinfection events, alters blood brain barrier (BBB) metabolic pathways. An increase in basal mitochondrial function is observed in brain microvasculature endothelial cells (BMEC) at 12 months post infection but not at earlier time points and is accompanied by elevated levels of superoxide, indicative of oxidative stress. Further, these mice score lower in cognitive assays as compared to age-matched controls. Our data show that repeated systemic infection with CMV, alters BBB metabolic function and impacts cognition. These observations provide mechanistic insights through which pathogens contribute to the progression of pathologies associated with dementia.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intermittent Cytomegalovirus Infection Alters Neurobiological Metabolism and Induces Cognitive Deficits in Mice

Harrison

Morris

Rudman

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Regarding the results of behavioral tasks, these showed that as age advanced, cognitive decline in animals was established (Figure 2-4). In the Y-maze of spontaneous alternation (Figure 2), it was obtained that aged animals show a decrease in the ability to orient themselves in space that is reported for young female and male mice of 2-3 months of age [1,8]. The cognitive decline evidenced in this task as age advances may also be related to the fact that this unconditioned behavioral test causes anxiety in aged mice, which exceeds the rodents' natural instinct to explore new spaces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Characterization of Male OF1cenp Mice with Age-Induced Cognitive Decline

Esquivel¹,

García²,

Carvajal³

et al. 2022

IJCEMR

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Age is the greatest risk factor for memory loss and other disorders. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether the OF1 cenp mouse was suitable for use as a model of age-induced cognitive decline. To achieve this, it was compared male OF1 cenp middle aged and aged with young mice for learning abilities and biochemical markers. It was obtained that based on the different mechanisms of memory that was evaluated in the Y-maze test, in the Morris Water Maze and in the Novel Object Task, it can be affirmed that aged male OF1 cenp mice from 7-8 months show true cognitive deficits based in the reduction of learning and memory. It was found an increase in glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol concentration in the aged mice. At the age of 7-8 and 15-16 months, a significant decrease in the size of the brain was obtained, on the contrary the liver weight does not show differences. An increase in oxidative damage and a decrease in the antioxidant total capacity in the brains of aged animals was also found in relation to young animals. The correlation of results obtained in relation to behavioral task, hematological and biochemical analyses indicate that OF1 cenp mice with 15-16 months of age are a useful model cognitive decline. It can be used to characterize this disorder during aging and evaluate nutritional supplements for its prevention.

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“…This age range meets the definition of "old," the change in old age in almost all biological markers in all animals, including immunosenescence [6]. In aged balb/c mice, a decrease in the proportion of T cells in the blood is associated with an increase in memory cells, a decrease in naive T cells and CD4/CD8 ratios [10], a decrease in T cells expressing CD28 [4] and regulatory T cells in the peritoneal cavity [10], and also a decrease of IL-2 levels [11]. The sign of immunosenescence that also appears in aged balb/c mice is the thymus involution which also occurs in elderly humans [4], [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Mango Mistletoes (Dendrophthoe pentandra) Leaves Extract on Percentage of CD4+CD28+, CD8+CD28+, and interleukin-2 Levels of Aged Balb/c Mice

Handono

Pratama

Sermoati

et al. 2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Population aging is considered to be a global phenomenon today. Age-associated immune system dysfunction or “immunosenescence” is indicated by increased susceptibility to infections and chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases, heart disease, and atherosclerosis. One of the immunosenescence markers is a significant drop in CD28 and reduced proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2). The mango mistletoes are deemed to have a better affinity for docking the CD28 and IL-2R receptors of α and β subunits than other plants. AIM: This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of mango mistletoes on IL-2 levels, the percentage of CD4+CD28+, and the percentage of CD8+CD28+ in aged female mice. METHODS: The leaves of mango mistletoes were extracted using 96% ethanol solvent, and the extract was administered to aged female mice (18–20 months) orally with different doses for each group, namely 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg. Mango mistletoe leaves extract was administered once a day for 14 days. Then, the IL-2 levels of the mice were checked from their heart blood samples using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, while the percentages of CD4+CD28+ and CD8+CD28+ were examined from the spleen samples using flow cytometry. RESULTS: The ethanol extract of mango mistletoe leaves was able to increase the percentage of CD4+CD28+ significantly (p < 0.05) at doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg and increase the percentage of CD8+CD28+ significantly (p < 0.05) at a dose of 600 mg/kgBW, while other various doses had a strong enough correlation (r = 0.48) to increase IL-2 levels. CONCLUSION: The ethanol extract of mango mistletoe leaves has the good potential to inhibit the aging process in the immune system, as characterized by an increase in IL-2 levels and the percentage of CD4+CD28+ and CD8+CD28+.

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Characterization of aged male BALB/ccenp mice as a model of dementia

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Intermittent Cytomegalovirus Infection Alters Neurobiological Metabolism and Induces Cognitive Deficits in Mice

Intermittent Cytomegalovirus Infection Alters Neurobiological Metabolism and Induces Cognitive Deficits in Mice

Characterization of Male OF1cenp Mice with Age-Induced Cognitive Decline

The Effect of Mango Mistletoes (Dendrophthoe pentandra) Leaves Extract on Percentage of CD4+CD28+, CD8+CD28+, and interleukin-2 Levels of Aged Balb/c Mice

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