Characterization of a type O foot-and-mouth disease virus re-emerging in the year 2011 in free areas of the Southern Cone of South America and cross-protection studies with the vaccine strain in use in the region

Maradei, Eduardo; Malirat, Viviana; Beascoechea, Claudia Perez; Benitez, Elizabeth Oviedo; Pedemonte, Andrea; Seki, Cristina; Novo, Sabrina Galdo; Balette, Cristina; D’Aloia, Ricardo; Torre, J.L. La; Mattion, Nora; Toledo, Jorge Rodríguez; Bergmann, I

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.10.035

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…An FMD outbreak was detected in September 2011 in a bovine herd in the department of San Pedro in central Paraguay. The virus was classified as type O and belonged to the Europe-South America topotype of the FMD virus, and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that it was the same lineage of previous isolations made in the Southern Cone sub-region ( 14 , 15 ). The outbreak was controlled with measures including a stamping-out policy in addition to emergency vaccination in the control areas without the identification of secondary outbreaks associated with the index case.…”

Section: The 2011 Fmd Outbreaks In Paraguaysupporting

confidence: 66%

Advances in the eradication of foot-and-mouth disease in South America: 2011–2020

et al. 2023

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For more than 70 years, the countries of South America have been attempting to eliminate foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), but a regional strategy had not been established by all the affected countries until 1988. The Action Plan 1988–2009 of the Hemispheric Program for the Eradication of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (PHEFA 1988–2009) resulted in an FMD-free status in 88.4% of the bovine population of South America. However, countries of the Andean sub-region maintained an FMD endemic. In addition, sporadic outbreaks in vaccinated cattle populations have been reported in countries of the Southern Cone, endangering the disease-free status in these countries. Within this context, the PHEFA 2011–2020 was approved to eliminate FMD from the subcontinent, and this review describes the most important milestones during its execution. FMD in Ecuador and sporadic outbreaks in the Southern Cone sub-region were effectively eliminated. The outbreaks that occurred in Colombia in 2017 and 2018 were successfully controlled. The type C virus was removed from the vaccines in use in most countries, based on a risk assessment. This review also describes the progress made by the countries advancing toward official recognition as FMD-free in all their territories, with Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru leading the progressive suspension of vaccination to achieve FMD-free status without vaccination. Consequently, at the end of PHEFA 2011–2020, Venezuela was, and still is, the only country in the region whose control program has suffered setbacks, and no evidence has suggested that the transmission and infection of the bovine population have been eliminated. At the end of 2020, a new PHEFA Action Plan 2021–2025 was approved with a five-year horizon, to complete the eradication of the disease in the Americas.

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Section: The 2011 Fmd Outbreaks In Paraguaysupporting

confidence: 66%

Advances in the eradication of foot-and-mouth disease in South America: 2011–2020

et al. 2023

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“…In a vaccine challenge experiment involving pigs vaccinated with O/SKR/2010 vaccine no detectable amount of neutralising antibody was observed on 21 days post-vaccination (dpv) against O/ME-SA/PanAsia strain while only 60% animals exhibited neutralising antibody above 1:16 on 49 dpv and none of the animals was protected upon challenge with an O/ME-SA/PanAsia virus [34] indicating this vaccine not to be broadly cross-protective. However, high antigen payload vaccines have been shown to compensate poor vaccine match in serotype O [35] and A viruses [36] . The capsid sequences of this vaccine strain (O/SKR/2010) and the non-matching viruses were analysed further to understand the molecular basis of the antigenic mis-match, however no obvious antigenically critical amino acid substitutions were observed (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of vaccine strains for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (2007–2012) circulating in Southeast Asia, East Asia and Far East

Mahapatra

Upadhyaya

Aviso

et al. 2017

Vaccine

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Southeast Asia (SEA) and East Asia with circulation of multiple serotypes and multiple genotypes within each serotype of the virus. Although countries like Japan and South Korea in the Far East were free of FMD, in 2010 FMD serotype O (O/Mya-98) outbreaks were recorded and since then South Korea has experienced several FMD outbreaks despite regular vaccination. In this study a total of 85 serotype O FMD viruses (FMDV) isolated from 2007 to 2012 from SEA, East Asia and Far East were characterized by virus neutralisation tests using antisera to four existing (O/HKN/6/83, O/IND/R2/75, O/SKR/2010 and O/PanAsia-2) and one putative (O/MYA/2009) vaccine strains, and by full capsid sequencing. Serological studies revealed broad cross-reactivity with the vaccine strains; O/PanAsia-2 exhibited a good match with 95.3%, O/HKN/6/83 with 91.8%, O/IND/R2/75 with 80%, and the putative strain O/MYA/2009 with 89.4% isolates employed in this study. Similarly O/PanAsia-2 and O/IND/R2/75 vaccines showed a good match with all eight viruses belonging to O-Ind-2001d sublineage whereas the vaccines of O/Mya-98 lineage, O/MYA/2009 and O/SKR/2010 exhibited the lowest match indicating their unsuitability to protect infections from O-Ind-2001d viruses. A Bayesian analysis of the capsid sequence data indicated these circulating viruses (n = 85) to be of either SEA or Middle East-South Asian (ME-SA) topotype. The ME-SA topotype viruses were mainly detected in Lao PDR, Vietnam, Myanmar and Thailand reflecting the trade links with the Indian subcontinent, and also within the SEA countries. Implications of these results in the context of FMD control in SEA and East Asian countries are discussed.

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“…This virus belonged to local strains from the Euro‐SA topotype most closely related to O/Corrientes/Arg/06 (WRLFMD, ). Cross‐protection studies showed that Vaccine O1/Campos was not protecting against this virus in Paraguay (Maradei et al., ). In November 2013, Paraguay regained FMD‐free status, and since 2012, when the last FMD cases were reported by Paraguay, no further FMD outbreaks have been officially reported to the OIE or the RLN.…”

Section: Endemic Pools In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Global Distribution of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from 2007 to 2014

Brito

Rodrı́guez

Hammond

et al. 2015

Transbound Emerg Dis

205

212

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus affects livestock worldwide. There are seven different serotypes, each with a diversity of topotypes, genetic lineages and strains. Some lineages have different properties that may contribute to sporadic spread beyond their recognized endemic areas. The objective of this study was to review the most significant FMD epidemiological events that took place worldwide between 2007 and 2014. Severe epidemics were caused by FMD virus (FMDV) lineage O/Asia/Mya-98 in Japan and South Korea in 2010, both previously free of disease. In India, where FMD is endemic, the most important event was the re-emergence of lineage O/ME-SA/Ind-2001 in 2008. Notably, this lineage, normally restricted to India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan, was also found in Saudi Arabia and Libya in 2013 and has caused several outbreaks in Tunisia and Algeria in 2014-2015. In January 2011, FMDV-positive wild boars were found in Bulgaria, where the disease last occurred in 1996, followed by 12 outbreaks in livestock infected with FMDV O/ME-SA/PanAsia2. In 2012, FMDV SAT2 caused outbreaks in Egypt and the Palestinian Autonomous Territories. Another significant event was the emergence of FMDV Asia1 Sindh-08 in the Middle East. In South America, one outbreak of FMDV serotype O, topotype Euro-SA was reported in Paraguay in 2011, which was recognized as FMD-free with vaccination at the time. Lessons learned from past events, point out the need for an integrated strategy that comprises coordinated global and regional efforts for FMDV control and surveillance. Specific local characteristics related to host, environment and virus that condition FMD occurrence should be carefully considered and incorporated to adapt appropriate strategies into local plans. In this review, we compiled relevant epidemiological FMD events to provide a global overview of the current situation. We further discussed current challenges present in different FMD areas.

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Characterization of a type O foot-and-mouth disease virus re-emerging in the year 2011 in free areas of the Southern Cone of South America and cross-protection studies with the vaccine strain in use in the region

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Advances in the eradication of foot-and-mouth disease in South America: 2011–2020

Advances in the eradication of foot-and-mouth disease in South America: 2011–2020

Selection of vaccine strains for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (2007–2012) circulating in Southeast Asia, East Asia and Far East

Review of the Global Distribution of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus from 2007 to 2014

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