Characterization of a Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Isolate

Abstract

Abstract. A virus isolated in cell culture from the spleen of a cat with feline infectious peritonitis was identified by physicochemical, morphological and antigenic criteria as a coronavirus. The feline infectious peritonitis virus was compared in virro with canine coronavirus, a reported enteric pathogen of dogs. The feline isolate was characterized, by chloroform sensitivity and resistance to 5-iododeoxyuridine, respectively, as containing essential lipid and an RNA genome. Other traits of the isolate included resistance to acidic conditions, heat lability, and resistance to trypsin. Electron microscopy showed viral particles with a structure consistent with that of the prototype of the coronavirus group, infectious bronchitis virus.Indirect immunofluorescence with canine coronavirus monospecific antiserum showed the viral isolate to be antigenically related to canine coronavirus.Specific-pathogen-free cats inoculated by various routes with cell-culture-propagated virus had both clinical symptoms and lesions consistent with feline infectious peritonitis.

The Ultrastructure of Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus in Feline Embryonic Lung Cells

“…Takeuchi et al, 1976;Hamre et al, 1967). Other reports of FIP virus grown in tissue culture (Evermann et al, 1981;Black, 1980) do not report thin-sectioned observations. Although many hundreds of virus particles were seen in association with the outside of cultured cells, budding of the virus through the host cell plasma membrane was not observed in this study.…”

“…FIP virus is fastidious in its choice of host cells and has until recently (Evermann et al, 1981;Hitchcock et al, 1981;Black, 1980;O'Reilly et al, 1979) defied attempts to grow it in tissue culture. For this reason FIP virus has been extensively studied only in animals and in organ cultures (e.g.…”

Expression of Feline Infectious Peritonitis Coronavirus Antigens on the Surface of Feline Macrophage-like Cells

“…Fcwf ceils and a strain of FIPV adapted to this line of macrophage-like cells were studied since they constitute a reproducible in vitro system. FIPV has been propagated also in other cell lines, however, which have not been qualified as macrophage-like (O'Reilly et al, 1979;Black, 1980;Hitchcock et al, 1981 ;Evermann et al, 1981), and some not even of feline origin (H. E. L. Jacobse-Geels & M. C. Horzinek, unpublished observations). Pedersen (1976) was the first to report growth of FIPV in explanted autochthonous peritoneal cells and Weiss & Scott (1981) demonstrated viral antigen in cultivated buffy coat cells of experimentally infected cats.…”

“…Until recently, in vitro cultivation of FIPV could only be achieved in organ or peritoneal cell cultures (Pedersen, 1976;Hoshino & Scott, 1978). Meanwhile, however, several authors have also described growth of FIPV in continuous cell lines of feline origin (Black, 1980;Hitchcock et al, 1981 ;Evermann et al, 1981 ;Woods, 1982). In this study, we present evidence that the cells of the fcwf line (Pedersen et al, 1981) used for propagating FIPV possess properties of macrophages; in addition, exposure of viral antigen on the surface of infected cells is demonstrated, which is considered relevant for the mechanism of FIP immune pathogenesis.…”

Broadly targeted multiprobe QPCR for detection of coronaviruses: Coronavirus is common among mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

“…Twenty-two human and animal strains, representative of the four CoV groups, including SARS-CoV, were analysed. The following references describe the origin of the collection of CoV strains (Adzhar et al, 1995;Bohl et al, 1972;Cavanagh and Davis, 1993;Darbyshire et al, 1979;Davelaar et al, 1984;Drosten et al, 2003;Evermann et al, 1981;Fields, 1973;Hamre and Procknow, 1966;Kahn and McIntosh, 2005;Kourtesis et al, 2001;Lavi et al, 1984;Milane et al, 1997;Pratelli et al, 2003a,b;Shaw et al, 1996).…”