Characterization and polymorphism of Keratin Associated Protein 1.4 gene in goats

Shah, Ruksana; Ganai, T. A. S.; Sheikh, F. D.; Shanaz, Syed; Shabir, Mir; Khan, Hilal Musadiq

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.021

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Only 10 KAP genes have been described in goats, despite there being 17 caprine KRTAP sequences in the NCBI GenBank database. The published caprine KRTAP sequences include KRTAP1-1 [ 9 ], KRTAP1-4 [ 10 ], KRTAP6-2 [ 11 ], KRTAP7-1 [ 12 ], KRTAP8-1 [ 13 ], KRTAP8-2 [ 12 ], KRTAP9-2 [ 14 ], KRTAP11-1 [ 15 ], KRTAP13-1 [ 16 ], and KRTAP13-3 [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Caprine Keratin-Associated Protein 20-2 (KAP20-2) Gene and Its Effect on Cashmere Traits

Wang

Che

Hickford

et al. 2017

Genes

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The gene encoding the high glycine/tyrosine keratin-associated protein 20-2 (KAP20-2) gene has been described in humans, but has not been identified in any livestock species. A search for similar sequences in the caprine genome using the human KAP20-2 gene (KRTAP20-2) revealed a homologous sequence on chromosome 1. Three different banding patterns representing distinct sequences (A–C) in Longdong cashmere goats were identified using polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. These sequences shared high sequence similarity with the human and mouse KRTAP20-2 sequences, suggesting that A–C are caprine variants of the human and mouse genes. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, and three of them were non-synonymous. KRTAP20-2 was found to be expressed in secondary hair follicles, but not in heart, liver, lung, kidney, spleen, or longissimus dorsi muscle. The presence of A was associated with increased cashmere fibre weight, while the presence of B was associated with a decrease in cashmere fibre weight and curly fibre length. Goats with genotype AA had a higher cashmere fibre weight and a higher curly fibre length than those with genotypes AB or BB. These results indicate that caprine KRTAP20-2 variation may have value as a genetic marker for improving cashmere fibre weight.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Caprine Keratin-Associated Protein 20-2 (KAP20-2) Gene and Its Effect on Cashmere Traits

Wang

Che

Hickford

et al. 2017

Genes

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“…Sequence analyses suggest that the KAP and KRT sequences identified to date probably represent different family members. The KAP1 family of goat fiber proteins, such as KAP1.1 and KAP1.4, are primarily described in recent years, which is a HS-KAP family ( Zhang et al, 2011 ; Shah et al, 2013 ). Liu et al used PCR-SSCP method to reveal that the KAP8.2 gene may be a potential molecular marker for determining the cashmere fiber diameter of cashmere goats, and the genotype polymorphism has no effect on the length of cashmere ( Liu et al, 2007 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of exogenous melatonin on expressional differences of immune-related genes in cashmere goats

Chai

Liu²,

Fu³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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The interplay between melatonin and immune system is well recognized in humans. The true integration of research on cashmere goat is still far from clear, especially for cashmere goat maintained in wool and cashmere growth. In this study, we applied various approaches to identify the complex regulated network between the immune-related genes and transcription factors (TFs) and to explore the relationship between melatonin and gene expression in cashmere goats. In total, 1,599 and 1756 immune-related genes were found in the blood and skin of cashmere goats, respectively, and 24 differentially expressed immune-related GO terms were highly expressed in blood after melatonin implantation. We studied the melatonin-dependent networks between the TFs and immune-related genes in cashmere goat. The 3 major regulatory networks were interconnected through TFs. The TFs, such as PHF5A, REXO4, STRAP, JUNB, GATAD2A, ZNF710, and VDR, were also expressed in the blood and skin tissue of cashmere goat. In addition, most genes in these networks, such as VDR, JUNB, and Trib3, were involved in WNT pathway, which is related to cashmere wool growth regulation. On the network basis, we developed a knockout mouse model to identify the network interaction. We observed that 8 high-sulfur protein genes, 12 keratin (KRT) genes, and 19 keratin associated protein (KRTAP) genes related to the growth of cashmere wool were almost not expressed in Trib3−/− rat skin. Our results suggested that the expression of genes related to wool and cashmere growth may be regulated by the interaction network between genes affected by melatonin and immune-related genes. In summary, we outlined some particularly promising ways for future research on immune-related genes of cashmere goats and the role of melatonin in wool and cashmere growth.

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“…Being major constituent of hair proteome, KRTAPs have been long associated with phenotypic differences in hair and wool (Khan et al, 2014). So far different KRTAPs have been implicated in development of cashmere fiber, most notably KRTAP6.1 , KRTAP7.1 (Jin et al, 2011), KRTAP8.2 (Liu H et al, 2007) and KRTAP1.4 (Shah et al, 2013). In the present study, KRTAP9.2 variant of KRTAPs was sequence analysed to construct a phylogenetic tree which revealed the similarity between Changthangi goat and Capra hircus variants, Pantholops hodgsonii and Ovis aries musimon.…”

Section: Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Expression Profiling of KRTAP9.2 at Different Developmental Stages of Pashmina Fiber in Changthangi Goat

Bhat

Iqbal

Mir

et al. 2022

IJAR

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Background: Keratin-associated protein’s (KRTAPs) are the major constituent proteins of cashmere fibre and have been implicated to have an important effect on the quality traits of this commercially valuable fibre. The objective of the present study was to determine the molecular characteristics of KRTAP9.2 gene in Pashmina (Cashmere) goat, known as Changthangi breed in J and K, India and well known for its finest fiber quality. Methods: We have studied the KRTAP9.2 gene expression status in hair follicles at different fiber development stages viz Anagen (growth) and Telogen (rest) in Changthangi goats of Kashmir and Ladakh region by performing quantitative Real Time PCR from fresh skin biopsies using gene specific primers. Furthermore, KRTAP9.2 structural models were generated and validated using various Bioinformatic tools. Result: Phylogenetic studies reveal close relation of KRTAP9.2 gene with Pantholops hodgsonii KRTAP9.2 (XM-005964828.1) and Ovis aries musimon KRTAP9.9 (XM-012152535.1). In our study we predicted a total of 20 KRTAP9.2 protein structures by QUARK and LOMET server and 5 structures by RaptorX, moreover, the validity of predicted structures was checked by using different parameters like RMSD value, C-Score, TM-value and ramachandran values, all parameters suggested structure predicted by RaptorX as better in our case. Real time PCR results showed expression of KRTAP9.2 in Pashmina hair follicles with a higher expression at the Telogen stage as compared to the Anagen stage. Owing to the structural importance of KRTAPs, such studies are indispensable for deciphering the molecular mechanism of pashmina growth which in turn will improve production, quality and diversity of pashmina fiber.

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Characterization and polymorphism of Keratin Associated Protein 1.4 gene in goats

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Identification of the Caprine Keratin-Associated Protein 20-2 (KAP20-2) Gene and Its Effect on Cashmere Traits

Identification of the Caprine Keratin-Associated Protein 20-2 (KAP20-2) Gene and Its Effect on Cashmere Traits

Effects of exogenous melatonin on expressional differences of immune-related genes in cashmere goats

Characterization and Expression Profiling of KRTAP9.2 at Different Developmental Stages of Pashmina Fiber in Changthangi Goat

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