Characterization and photocatalytic activities of C, N and S co-doped TiO₂with 1D nanostructure prepared by the nano-confinement effect

Abstract

A novel method was developed for preparing high specific surface area (156.2 m(2) g(-1)) one-dimensional TiO(2) nanostructures co-doped with C, N and S by the nano-confinement effect. A nonmetal doping source (thiourea) was first intercalated into the inner space of H-titanate nanotubes prepared by the hydrothermal method, and then calcined at 450 °C for 2 h in air. The as-prepared C, N and S co-doped TiO(2) nanowires exhibited high visible light and enhanced UV-vis activities in photocatalytic degradation of toluene in the gas phase. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, fast Fourier transform analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra and photoluminescence. The results indicated that the anatase nanowires grew along the [101] direction. Doping TiO(2) nanowires with C, N and S could not only broaden the light adsorption spectra into the visible region (400-600 nm), but also inhibit the recombination of photo-induced carriers. A mechanism is proposed to elucidate the nano-confinement effect of H-titanate nanotubes in the formation of C, N and S co-doping. Based on this mechanism, the effect of C, N and S co-doping on the band structure of TiO(2) nanowires is also discussed.

Surface oxygen-vacancy induced photocatalytic activity of La(OH)3 nanorods prepared by a fast and scalable method

“…The relation between absorption coefficient (a) and incident photon energy (hn) can be written as a = Bd (hn À E g ) 1/2 /hn, where Bd is the absorption constant. 36 Plots of (ahn) 1/2 versus hn from the spectral data of Fig. 7a are presented in Fig.…”

Black Si-doped TiO2 nanotube photoanode for high-efficiency photoelectrochemical water splitting

“…Up to now, there was no literature report about the preparation of Si element and Ti 3+ codoping TiO 2 nanotubes on Ti-Si alloy for PEC water splitting. Inspired by thermal reduction reaction and ions-doping modication methods, 8,9,22 we fabricated black Ti-Si-O nanotubes through Zn-reduction of the as-annealed Ti-Si-O nanotubes on Ti-Si alloy. The microstructures, optical property and the PEC water splitting properties were investigated.…”

Preparation of highly visible-light active N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst

“…There are a large number of reports that have focused on the photocatalytic activity mechanism of N-doped TiO 2 . [25][26][27][28] It is widely accepted that the N incorporation into the crystalline lattice of TiO 2 modifies the electronic band structure of TiO 2 , leading to a new substitution N 2p band formed above O 2p valance band, which narrows the band gap of TiO 2 and shifts optical absorption to the visible light region. Here, we note that the creation of a Ti 3+ donor band also contribute to photoabsorption in doped TiO 2 .…”