Characterization and Modeling of Manganese Effect on Strength and Strain Hardening of Martensitic Carbon Steels

Abstract

Carbon and manganese combined effect on the mechanical behavior of martensite was characterized and analyzed using literature and new experimental data of various carbon-manganese steels. A synergy effect of carbon and manganese on the martenstite strength and strain hardening was detected and was then taken into account in a specific way in the simplified model, based on a Continuous Composite Approach. Model was adjusted with only one fitting parameter and the obtained results are in good agreement with experimental stress-strain curves.

Strengthening from Cu Addition in 0.2C-(1-2)Mn Steels during Tempering

“…The solid solution strengthening increment of YS C, Mn caused by the different content of C and Mn was considered as:ΔYS xCu-yMn = YS xCu-yMn − YS 0Cu-1Mn ΔYS normalC, Mn=1997·(ΔC·(1+ΔMn3.5)) where ΔC and ΔMn are differences in C and Mn content respectively (in wt.%) [20]. The solid solution strengthening increment of YS Cu caused by the different content of Cu was considered for the martensitic matrix:ΔYS Cu = 17·(Cu 1 1/2 − Cu 2 1/2 ) where Cu 1 and Cu 2 are atomic concentrations of Cu in compared materials [21].…”

Facile route to bulk ultrafine-grain steels for high strength and ductility

“…true strain for 4Cu alloy. (C), Yield strength versus the product of σuts and uniform EL of 3Cu and 4Cu alloys, as compared with those of other high performance materials reported in literature (14,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). The Cu-doped steels and the UFG TWIP steels fabricated by flash annealing or repeatedly cold rolling and annealing have exceptionally high values of σuts × uniform EL, suggesting a superior combination of strength and ductility.…”

“…Thus, we compare yield strength versus the product of σuts and uniform EL (elongation, EL) of the Cu-alloyed steels in Fig. 1C, with those of other high-performance alloys reported in literature (14,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). The Cu-doped TWIP steels and the UFG TWIP steels fabricated by complicated processes, i.e., flash annealing (36) or repeated cold rolling and annealing (26), exhibit superb combination of high yield strength and exceptionally large values of σuts × uniform EL (i.e., 71 GPa % for 4Cu alloy),…”

Evolution of Ms Temperature as a Function of Composition and Grain Size

“…The PAGBs were revealed with different metallographic techniques. For the major part of the samples, Bechet-Beaujard etching [33] and Dino etching [34] resulted in pretty good revelation of the PAGBs. However, certain samples, especially with high Si, Al, and Cr, were resistant to these etchants and a more indirect method was used: decoration of PAGBs with ferrite during cooling.…”