Characterization and haplotype analysis of the polymorphic Y-STRs DYS443, DYS444 and DYS445 in a Japanese population

Abstract

From sequence database information we have newly identified three male-specific and polymorphic tetranucleotide STRs, DYS443 (GDB: 10807127), DYS444 (GDB: 10807128) and DYS445 (GDB: 10807129) on the Y chromosome. Analysis of 190 Japanese males revealed 6, 5 and 4 alleles in the DYS443, DYS444 and DYS445 systems, with calculated STR diversities of 0.68, 0.57 and 0.53, respectively. The cumulative haplotype diversity of the five Y-STRs DYS441, DYS442, DYS443, DYS444 and DYS445 was calculated to be 0.95 and therefore application of these STRs may yield very useful information for forensic individualization.

Characterization of eight Y-STR loci and haplotypes in a Chinese Han population

“…Y-specific markers are haploidly inherited with a paternal lineage (Jobling and Tyler-Smith 1995) and these properties make Y-STRs a key tool for analyzing mixed stains and kinship testing of paternal lines relative to forensic science. Panels of Y-STR loci are recommended for forensic applications (Jobling et al1997;White et al 1999;Ayub et al 2000;Hou et al 2001a;Iida et al 2001Iida et al , 2002Butler et al 2002;Bosch et al 2002;Redd et al 2002). Some Y-STR loci show poor discrimination power, so it is necessary to develop more informative Y-STR loci.…”

Forensic value of 14 novel STRs on the human Y chromosome

“…As more variable Y-STRs are discovered the potential to distinguish paternal lineages increases. Approximately 35 Y-STRs have been described to date [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In total, these Y-STRs include: four dinucleotide (YCAI, YCAII, YCAII, and DYS288) six trinucleotide (DYF371, DYS388, DYS392, DYS425, DYS426, DYS436), 23 tetranucleotide (DYS19, DYS385, DYS389I, DYS389AB, DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS434, DYS435, DY437, DYS439, DYS441, DYS442, DYS443, DYS444, DYS445, DYS460, DYS461, DYS462, G10123, A10, C4, and H4), and two pentanucleotide repeats (DXYS156Y, and DYS438).…”

Allele frequencies for 27 Y-STR loci with U.S. Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic samples

“…Since the Kayser et al [9] survey only examined eight different samples albeit from diverse backgrounds, the information collected as part of this study represents a first attempt to aid assessment of these loci in populations of interest through collection of allele frequency information and thus help establish which loci are most polymorphic and desirable to pursue in future population studies and human identity applications. It should be noted that some allele frequency information has been Table 2 The distribution of allele frequencies observed in U.S. Caucasian (Cau), African American (AA), and Hispanic (His) sample sets listed by Y-STR locus (see Table 1 previously described with DYS444 [10], DYS446 [8], DYS449 [8], and DYS463 [8]. In addition, Dai et al [11] recently published DYS520 allele frequencies from a Chinese population.…”

“…Previous nomenclatures, which were published prior to this study, were followed in Table 1 for DYS444 [10], DYS446 [8], DYS449 [8], DYS463 [8], and DYS635 [12]. The nomenclature for the simple repeat loci, such as DYS485, DYS533, or DYS643, is straightforward and follows ISFG recommendations with the earliest possible repeat motif along the GenBank top strand being designated [5].…”