Characterization and bacterial anti-adherent effect on modified PMMA denture acrylic resin containing platinum nanoparticles

Abstract

PURPOSEThis study characterized the synthesis of a modified PMMA (Polymethyl methacrylate) denture acrylic loading platinum nanoparticles (PtN) and assessed its bacterial inhibitory efficacy to produce novel antimicrobial denture base material.MATERIALS AND METHODSPolymerized PMMA denture acrylic disc (20 mm × 2 mm) specimens containing 0 (control), 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/L of PtN were fabricated respectively. The obtained platinum-PMMA nanocomposite (PtNC) was characterized by TEM (transmission electron microscopy), SEM/EDX (scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), thermogravimetric and atomic absorption spectrophotometer analysis. In antimicrobial assay, specimens were placed on the cell culture plate, and 100 µL of microbial suspensions of S. mutans (Streptococcus mutans) and S. sobrinus (Streptococcus sobrinus) were inoculated then incubated at 37℃ for 24 hours. The bacterial attachment was tested by FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) analysis after staining with fluorescent probe.RESULTSPtN were successfully loaded and uniformly immobilized into PMMA denture acrylic with a proper thermal stability and similar surface morphology as compared to control. PtNC expressed significant bacterial anti-adherent effect rather than bactericidal effect above 50 mg/L PtN loaded when compared to pristine PMMA (P=.01) with no or extremely small amounts of Pt ion eluted.CONCLUSIONThis is the first report on the synthesis and its antibacterial activity of Pt-PMMA nanocomposite. PMMA denture acrylic loading PtN could be a possible intrinsic antimicrobial denture material with proper mechanical characteristics, meeting those specified for denture bases. For clinical application, future studies including biocompatibility, color stability and warranting the long-term effect were still required.

Effect of Antibacterial Silver-Releasing Filler on the Physicochemical Properties of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Denture Base Material

“…Such materials would be characterized by both increased resistance to microbial colonization and support for the treatment of, for example, Candida-infected mucosa. Antimicrobial efficacy in vitro has been confirmed so far in laboratory experiments conducted with PMMA denture base materials modified with numerous metal and metal oxides nanoparticles such as ZrO 2 [29], TiO 2 [30,31], ZnO [32], platinum [33], silver [34,35] or silver microparticles [36]. Silver nanoparticles have particularly strong antimicrobial properties; however, studies have simultaneously shown that the introduction of this type of additive to prosthetic materials causes an intense brown color of PMMA resin due to the plasmon effect [35] which is unacceptable for aesthetic reasons.…”

Significance of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) modification by zinc oxide nanoparticles for fungal biofilm formation

“…Some efforts have currently been made to modify the chemical composition of materials or to produce a hydrophilic layer on its surface aimed at disrupting biofilm formation (Cierech and Mierzwińska-Nastalska, 2014). A growing number of intensive studies have also been carried out to modify the chemical composition of PMMA by nanoparticles, e.g., nano-Ag (Li et al 2016) or nano-Pt (Nam, 2014). 4 Nanotechnology is one of the fastest growing areas in science and technology.…”

PMMA denture base material enhancement: a review of fiber, filler, and nanofiller addition

“…79,80 Addition of Pt NPs could improve mechanical properties of PMMA and provide antimicrobial effect. 81 It was found that platinum significantly increased the bending deflection of PMMA and that palladium improved the bending strength when compared to silver and gold, which showed the lowest value of bending strength. Addition of gold and palladium improved Vickers hardness of PMMA and was decreased with the addition of platinum.…”