Characteristics of retinal layer thickness in acute anterior uveitis: an optical coherence tomography study

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL), macular and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thicknesses in patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU). Methods: Patients diagnosed with unilateral non-infectious AAU and normal control were enrolled retrospectively. Optical coherence tomography scans were performed during the initial active phase and inactive phase of AAU. Patients were followed for at least 3 months after resolution of inflammatory activity. Results: Thirty-seven AAU patients and 40 controls were included. The average RNFL andcentralmacularthickness(CMT)showedsignificantdifferencesbetweenpatientsand control groups during active phase (p < 0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively). The average pRNFL thicknesses of affected eyes and fellow eyes during the active phase were 109.4 AE 12.5 lm and 96.5 AE 8.0 lm, respectively (p < 0.001). During the inactive phase, the average thicknesses were 99.3 AE 8.9 lm and 97.0 AE 7.5, respectively; they were not significantly different (p = 0.236). The CMTs of affected and fellow eyes during the active phase were 261.6 AE 24.7 lm and 251.5 AE 17.3 lm, respectively; the difference was significant (p = 0.047). The average GC-IPL thicknesses of affected and fellow eyes were not significantly different (p = 0.061). Conclusions: The pRNFL and central macula thickened during the active phase of AAU and decreased to a similar degree with fellow eyes during the inactive phase. Additionally, pRNFL thickness showed a sensitive response to the degree of inflammation in AAU. This suggests that pRNFL thickness may be useful in assessing disease activity.

Effect of Solcoseryl in Corneal Alkali Burn Rat Model

“…It was reported that the thickness of entire retina gets thickened with acute anterior uveitis, which implies the hyaluronic acid treatment reduced the degree of inflammation in retina while Solcoseryl treatment did not affect on retinal inflammation. 21 When the thickness of each layer was compared, the thickness of GCL and ILM was increased in all treatment groups compared to the control, with significant difference in Solcoseryl gel treatment group (p < 0.05). Also, IPL thickness was increased in all treatment groups, with significant difference in hyaluronic acid and Solcoseryl gel treatment groups (p < 0.01).…”

Association of Optic Disc Hyperfluorescence with Subclinical Macular and Optic Disc Edema in Uveitis Patients

“…Inflammatory mediators have been reported to be associated with macular edema in uveitis. [17][18][19][20][21] Herein, we demonstrated a moderate positive linear relationship between macular thickening and optic disc swelling, particularly in eyes with ODH on FA. It can be assumed from these findings that the same inflammatory mechanism affects both the macula and optic disc.…”

“…In addition, peripapillary RNFL thickness was also known to be affected by many types of uveitis. 7,8,16,17 Lee et al 18 reported a significant thickening on the RNFL as well as the macular in patient with active anterior uveitis and suggested that peripapillary RNFL thickness may be useful in assessing disease activity. Our study results coincide with previous studies to some degree, although they did not consider the relationship between OCT and angiographic findings.…”

Structural Endpoints and Outcome Measures in Uveitis

“…The substructure of retinal/choroidal lesions can be assessed by OCT and frequently reveals hyperreflective aspects [40, 43, 90]. Furthermore, dependent on disease entity and activity, specific retinal layers can be disrupted/thickened/altered in characteristic ways [43, 91, 92]. For example, disruption of the ellipsoid zone in multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) is thought to correspond to swollen photoreceptor bodies [43].…”