Characteristics of Organic Livestock Farms in Poland in 2009–2011

Abstract

this study was designed to provide a thorough characterization of individual organic farms with certified animal production in Poland in the years 2009-2011. The study consisted of a direct survey using a standard questionnaire. Monitoring of organic farms showed that organic animal production in Poland is still developing. The most common type is backyard subsistence farming for own consumption and possibly for direct sales at local markets. Organic farms with an area exceeding 20 ha tend to orient themselves towards specialized production of cattle, sheep or pigs, while medium-sized organic farms specialize in pork and organic lamb production. However, the observed specialization in livestock production on organic farms is still relatively small.

Development of Organic Milk Production in Poland on the Background of the EU

“…Production in organic farms is mostly concentrated in northern and southern voivodeships of Poland (Kujawsko-Pomorskie, Pomorskie, Podlaskie, Warmi ńsko-Mazurskie and Zachodniopomorskie) and in the Dolnośl ąskie. These regions are famous for dairy production, have highest potential, and local conditions that are excellent not only for organic farming, but also for agritourism and other environmentally friendly agricultural activities [36].…”

“…Such a situation will not encourage an increase in production of organic food including milk. Polish organic dairy farms represent family farming, not large farms, and the RDP will deliver most profits from subsidies acquired for permanent grassland [36]. The CAP for milk organic farming should be coherent to increase the number of dairy organic farms.…”

“…As a system it contributes to environmental improvement. Moreover, its aim is the reduction of the degree of environmental degradation that is done by intensive agricultural practices [36][37][38].…”

“…This result shows that the costs increase faster than production. The research done by Sosnówka-Czajka [36] shows that organic farms with an area exceeding 20 ha are specializing in cattle, sheep, or pigs. Smaller organic farms in Poland specialize in pork and organic lamb production.…”