Development of Organic Milk Production in Poland on the Background of the EU

Bórawski, Piotr; Bórawski, Marek Bartłomiej; Parzonko, Andrzej; Wicki, Ludwik; Rokicki, Tomasz; Perkowska, Aleksandra; Dunn, James W.

doi:10.3390/agriculture11040323

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This is why organic farm owners very often have more problems with sales. This primarily results from the fragmentation and poor concentration of supply on organic farms, the small number of processing operators and the poorly developed distribution network based mainly on imported products [ 92 ]. Not without significance is the fact that on organic farms, many owners supplement their income outside the farm [ 93 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Farming as an Alternative Maintenance Strategy in the Opinion of Farmers from Natura 2000 Areas

Pawlewicz

Gotkiewicz

Brodzińska

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Agricultural land accounts for approximately 40% of the total Natura 2000 (N2K) network area. Therefore, many habitats and species protected under the Habitats and Birds Directives are dependent on or linked to agricultural practices. This implies that sustaining agriculture of a high natural value is a priority in achieving the aim of halting the loss of biodiversity in the European Union (EU). However, extensive agriculture is unprofitable in many regions of the EU, which results in it being either abandoned or intensified in the absence of financial support. Hence, organic farming (OF), which is most often supported with public funds, can be an alternative to conventional agriculture in N2K areas. This article is an empirical study of the differences in perceiving the possibilities of farm functioning in a protected area (PA) by organic and conventional farm owners. It was examined whether this could be the actual path to improving farmers’ living conditions in the context of legal protection of naturally valuable areas. The study material comprises the results of a survey conducted at the turn of 2016 and 2017, which addressed a total of 292 farmers, including 152 organic farm operators and 140 conventional farm operators, whose areas under cultivation were located within the N2K “Dolina Biebrzy” (“Biebrza Valley”) PLH200008 area in Poland. For the analysis of the data collected using structured questionnaires, a variety of statistical methods and techniques were applied. The study results indicated that in terms of satisfaction with the economic performance of their farms, there is no major difference between the opinions expressed by organic and conventional farm owners. However, organic farming could be an alternative livelihood strategy from the environmental policy perspective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Farming as an Alternative Maintenance Strategy in the Opinion of Farmers from Natura 2000 Areas

Pawlewicz

Gotkiewicz

Brodzińska

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…The state must provide municipalities with the necessary planning tools, establishing the required strategy, to integrate a decentralized system based entirely on renewable sources [116,117]. Planning at the commune and regional level should therefore be coupled with planning at the country level [118][119][120].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investments in Renewable Energy Sources in Basic Units of Local Government in Rural Areas

et al. 2021

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The main purpose of the study was to identify the level and factors influencing investments in renewable energy sources (RES) in basic local government units in rural areas. The specific objectives were to define the conditions for the development of renewable energy sources in Poland, to determine the directions of changes as well as the importance of renewable energy in Poland, to present the relationship between the level of expenditure on renewable energy and budget components in rural and rural-urban communes. The Świętokrzyskie voivodeship (Voivodship—a unit of the highest administration level in Poland, since 1990 a unit of the primary territorial division of government administration, since 1999 also a unit of local government, there were 16 voivodships in Poland.), which is one of the centrally located voivodeships in Poland, was purposefully selected for the research. The research period covered the years 2016–2019. The sources of materials were the literature on the subject, as well as empirical materials obtained at the Voivodeship Statistical Office. The following methods were used for the analysis and presentation of materials: descriptive, tabular, graphical, Gini concentration coefficient, Lorenz concentration curve, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Poland is one of the countries with quite high dependence on hard and brown coal. Changes in the structure of energy sources are slow. Investments in renewable energy are necessary. The problem in this respect is the lack of a proper law. Despite this, investments in renewable energy are being made in rural areas. In the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship, only 28% of communes made such investments. It was found that only in urban rural communes the amount of investment expenditures in renewable energy sources was related to the level of budget expenditures and property expenditures of the commune. The amount of support from the European Union aid funds was positively correlated with the level of expenditure on investments in renewable energy. Therefore, it can be concluded that without the support from EU funds, it is not possible to invest in renewable energy in local government units.

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“…La producción de leche en el mundo se encuentra en constante aumento, basta con observar los valores de producción de 794, 802, 814, 855, 880 y 893 miles de millones de litros obtenidos durante los años 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 y 2019, respectivamente (1). De acuerdo a datos de FAOSTAT, México, en 2018 ocupó el octavo lugar en producción de leche a nivel mundial con 12 mil millones de litros y se estimó que lo fue también en 2019 con 12.2 mil millones de litros; la Unión Europea obtuvo el primer lugar (156.2 mil millones) seguido de Estados Unidos (99 mil millones) y la India (89 mil millones de litros); el cuarto lugar lo ocupó Brasil (34.9 mil millones de litros); el quinto, sexto y séptimo China, Rusia y Nueva Zelanda con 31.1, 30.3, 21.4 mil millones de litros respectivamente.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…De acuerdo a datos de FAOSTAT, México, en 2018 ocupó el octavo lugar en producción de leche a nivel mundial con 12 mil millones de litros y se estimó que lo fue también en 2019 con 12.2 mil millones de litros; la Unión Europea obtuvo el primer lugar (156.2 mil millones) seguido de Estados Unidos (99 mil millones) y la India (89 mil millones de litros); el cuarto lugar lo ocupó Brasil (34.9 mil millones de litros); el quinto, sexto y séptimo China, Rusia y Nueva Zelanda con 31.1, 30.3, 21.4 mil millones de litros respectivamente. El total de leche producida se divide en leche de vaca (81.7%), búfala (14.4%), cabra (2.4%), oveja (1.2%) y camella (0.3%) y del total de la leche de vaca, el 1.8% se obtiene en sistemas de producción orgánica (1). En el 2017 se estimó una producción mundial de leche orgánica de 7.1 mil millones de litros; Estados Unidos fue el país con mayor participación (16.4%), seguido de Alemania (13.2%), China (12.4%), Francia (9.0%), Austria (8.6%) y Dinamarca (7.8%).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…En el 2017 se estimó una producción mundial de leche orgánica de 7.1 mil millones de litros; Estados Unidos fue el país con mayor participación (16.4%), seguido de Alemania (13.2%), China (12.4%), Francia (9.0%), Austria (8.6%) y Dinamarca (7.8%). Sin embargo, la participación de cada uno de estos países con respecto a la producción total de leche de vaca es 1.2, 2.9, 2.2, 2.5, 16.5 y 9.7%, respectivamente (1), lo que hace evidente que Austria y Dinamarca son los países con mayor producción nacional de leche orgánica.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Ácidos grasos y ácido linoleico conjugado en leche orgánica producida en el sureste de México

Tolentino

León²,

Bermúdez³

et al. 2022

Rev MVZ Córdoba

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Objetivo. Determinar el perfil de ácidos grasos (AG), ácido linoleico conjugado (ALC) e isómeros en leche de vaca producida en condiciones orgánicas en el sureste de México. Materiales y métodos. Durante un año se colectaron 48 muestras de leche, proveniente de tres unidades de producción (UP 1, 2 y 3) y tanque colector (TC) del municipio de Tecpatán, Chiapas (12 meses x 4 = 48), siguiendo las pautas establecidas en normatividad mexicana. La grasa se extrajo con solución detergente; el análisis de AG se realizó por cromatografía de gases con detector de ionización de flama y el ALC e isómeros se obtuvieron mediante cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (CLAR) con detector UV-Vis. Resultados. Los análisis cromatográficos identificaron y cuantificaron 23 AG en todas las leches, desde el C4 hasta el C20:1. El análisis estadístico (ANOVA, Tukey) arrojó significancia (p<0.05) en C4-C10, C16, C18, C18:1n9t, C18:2n6 y C20; en todos los casos el TC fue similar en al menos dos UP. Los valores medios a través del tiempo exhibieron comportamiento con regularidad homogénea. Asimismo, se determinaron el ALC y 9 de sus isómeros; el ANOVA no arrojó significancia. El isómero C18:2 9c-11t tuvo el mayor porcentaje del ALC total con un valor medio de 90.06%. Conclusiones. Los análisis de cromatografía de gases y de líquidos permitieron caracterizar los perfiles de AG, ALC e isómeros en leche orgánica que se produce en el sureste mexicano, que hasta el momento no se habían estudiado.

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Development of Organic Milk Production in Poland on the Background of the EU

Cited by 15 publications

References 62 publications

Organic Farming as an Alternative Maintenance Strategy in the Opinion of Farmers from Natura 2000 Areas

Organic Farming as an Alternative Maintenance Strategy in the Opinion of Farmers from Natura 2000 Areas

Investments in Renewable Energy Sources in Basic Units of Local Government in Rural Areas

Ácidos grasos y ácido linoleico conjugado en leche orgánica producida en el sureste de México

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