Characteristics of coherent two-dimensional grating surface emitting diode laser arrays during CW operation

Long-wavelength multiwatt 1310 and 1550-nm grating-outcoupled surface-emitting semiconductor lasers

“…Desirable traits of grating-outcoupled surface-emitting (GSE) lasers include narrow beam divergence, single wavelength emission, high output power [1], low voltage and stable polarization. The combination of in-plane light propagation and surface-normal emission make GSE lasers ideal for electronic and photonic integrated circuits.…”

1550-nm single-mode grating-outcoupled surface emitting lasers

“…Eye-safe 1550-nm GSE lasers are suitable for free-space communication, night vision, laser radar, in addition to datacom, telecom, optical interconnects, printing and pumping applications. 2 The combination of in-plane light propagation and surfacenormal emission 3 make these GSE lasers ideal for electronic and photonic integrated circuits. Surface emission allows complete wafer level processing and testing, which allowed great reductions in cost and enormous increases in performance and reliability for electronic integrated circuits.…”

Electronic control of coherence in a two-dimensional array of photonic crystal surface emitting lasers

“…A possible candidate for forming large-scale 2D coherent arrays came in the form of grating surface emitting (GSE) laser arrays. Here an array is made of 1D second order Bragg grating coupled lasers 17 . Diffraction limited far-fields may be realized, but there are significant difficulties in scaling to 2D.…”