Characteristics and variations of in vivo Schlemm's canal and collector channel microstructures in enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography

Li, Pengcheng; Butt, Anum; Chien, Jason L; Ghassibi, Mark P.; Furlanetto, Rafael; Netto, Camila; Liu, Yiyi; Kirkland, Wendy; Liebmann, Jeffrey M.; Ritch, Robert; Park, Sung Chul

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-309295

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…16 Given the superb images obtained with the EDI-OCT's anterior segment module, we were able to describe the details of SC in vivo. 22 The increased IOP elicited by the WDT has been reported by numerous studies; in this study, we also found that IOP Secretion of aqueous humor and resistance to its outflow are important processes for maintaining stable IOP. It has been speculated that water-loading changes the plasma osmotic pressure gradient and causes an influx of water into the eye.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Influence of the Water-Drinking Test on Intraocular Pressure, Schlemm's Canal, and Autonomic Nervous System Activity

Chen

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Influence of the Water-Drinking Test on Intraocular Pressure, Schlemm's Canal, and Autonomic Nervous System Activity

Chen

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Rather, this pharmacological effect on the complex IOP dynamics in this model may be attributed to increased aqueous outflow through the veins. Using detailed histology and newer imaging techniques, the regional variation of aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork into Schlemm’s canal [ 9 ], the collector channels [ 10 ], and aqueous veins [ 10 ] is established in human eyes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perilimbal sclera mechanical properties: Impact on intraocular pressure in porcine eyes

et al. 2018

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There is extensive knowledge on the relationship of posterior scleral biomechanics and intraocular pressure (IOP) load on glaucomatous optic neuropathy; however, the role for biomechanical influence of the perilimbal scleral tissue on the aqueous humor drainage pathway, including the distal venous outflow system, and IOP regulation is not fully understood. The purpose of this work is to study the outflow characteristics of perfused porcine eyes relative to the biomechanical properties of the perilimbal sclera, the posterior sclera and the cornea. Enucleated porcine eyes from eleven different animals were perfused with surrogate aqueous at two fixed flow rates while monitoring their IOP. After perfusion, mechanical stress-strain and relaxation tests were conducted on specimens of perilimbal sclera, posterior sclera, and cornea from the same perfused eyes. Statistical analysis of the data demonstrated a strong correlation between increased tangent modulus of the perilimbal sclera tissues and increased perfusion IOP (R2 = 0.74, p = 0.0006 at lower flow rate and R2 = 0.71, p = 0.0011 at higher flow rate). In contrast, there were no significant correlations between IOP and the tangent modulus of the other tissues (Posterior sclera: R2 = 0.17 at lower flow rate and R2 = 0.30 at higher flow rate; cornea: R2 = 0.02 at lower flow rate and R2<0.01 at higher flow rate) nor the viscoelastic properties of any tissue (R2 ≤ 0.08 in all cases). Additionally, the correlation occurred for IOP and not net outflow facility (R2 ≤ 0.12 in all cases). These results provide new evidence that IOP in perfused porcine eyes is strongly influenced by the tangent modulus, sometimes called the tissue stiffness, of the most anterior portion of the sclera, i.e. the limbus.

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“…The dimensions of Schlemm's canal have been quantified in several recent studies, and bring to light the wide variability in cross‐sectional areas among normal subjects (1,664 to 6,007 μm 2 ) . Wang et al showed that there was a significantly reduced cross‐sectional area of Schlemm's canal in patients with primary open angle glaucoma .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography and its clinical applications

Wang

Cornish

Grigg

et al. 2019

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) has become one of the cornerstones of non-contact imaging modalities for assessing such structures as the cornea, anterior chamber angle, aqueous outflow pathway, sclera, and ocular surface structures. As such, it has a broad range of clinical applications, which have been independently reported in the literature. This paper aims to present a review of extant literature on the utility of AS-OCT and its efficacy in clinical applications, and to evaluate the quality of available evidence. The following databases were searched from inception to 24 June 2018: Medline via Ovid, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, EMBASE, and CINAHL. Bibliographies of identified papers were hand searched. Inclusion criteria: articles describing or assessing the use of OCT for visualising the AS. The authors excluded studies without an identified primary outcome variable. One author independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed for risk of bias using PRISMA guidelines. This review included 82 studies, of which there were 11 cohort studies, 37 case series, 10 case studies, 21 comparative observational studies, and three non-systematic review articles. Primary outcome variables included anterior chamber angle, angle opening distance, angle recess area, trabecular iris angle, trabeculairis space area, corneal thickness, tear meniscus height, tear meniscus area, tear meniscus volume, and the morphology of AS structures, including the ocular surface, blebs, flaps, and graft sites. This review attempts to encompass the breadth and depth of evidence for AS-OCT in the arena of diagnostics, therapeutics, and prognostics. At the same time, it brings to light the dearth of high-level evidence on this topic, suggesting the important role of randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses for the future validation of this technology.

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Characteristics and variations of in vivo Schlemm's canal and collector channel microstructures in enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography

Abstract: High-quality images of the aqueous outflow pathway can be obtained with a clinical device, avoiding postacquisition processing. In vivo SC and CC microstructures vary considerably among individuals and regions. SC tends to be larger in regions with more CCs.

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Influence of the Water-Drinking Test on Intraocular Pressure, Schlemm's Canal, and Autonomic Nervous System Activity

Influence of the Water-Drinking Test on Intraocular Pressure, Schlemm's Canal, and Autonomic Nervous System Activity

Perilimbal sclera mechanical properties: Impact on intraocular pressure in porcine eyes

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography and its clinical applications

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