Characteristics and adsorption capacities of low-cost sorbents for wastewater treatment: A review

Abstract

Low-cost by-products from agricultural, household and industrial sectors have been recognized as a sustainable solution for wastewater treatment. They allow achieving the removal of pollutants from wastewater and at same time to contribute to the waste minimization, recovery and reuse. Despite numerous reviews have been published in the last few years, a direct comparison of data obtained using different sorbents is difficult nowadays because of inconsistencies in the data presentation. In this context, the aim of the study was to revise the current literature concerning the application of low-cost adsorbents for wastewater treatment highlighting, systematically, both adsorbents characteristics and adsorption capacities. For this scope, low-cost sorbents have been divided into the following five groups: (i) Agricultural and household wastes, (ii) industrial by-products, (iii) sludge, (iv) sea materials, (v) soil and ore materials and (vi) novel low-cost adsorbents. The affinity of sorbents in removing various pollutants, their applications on real wastewater, costs and considerations on their reuse after adsorption processes, has been discussed. Finally, in order to better highlights the affinity of sorbents for more pollutants (dyes, heavy metals, biorecalcitrant compounds, nitrogen and phosphate compounds), simple methodological tools such as "adsorbentspollutants" matrices have been proposed and applied. In this manner, the adsorbent candidates for

Factor Affecting Textile Dye Removal Using Adsorbent From Activated Carbon: A Review

“…3.Research by Kacan and Kutahyali [67] analysed that the structure surface of sewage sludge prepared from chemical activation shortened the time of adsorption. As for industrial by product categories, fly ash and red mud is popular to be adsorbents materials [24,25]. Moreover, fly ash used in many countries even though it may contain some hazardous substance [25] because it is abundance and easily available material [36].There are lot of researcher also interest to studies on industrial waste but not all are listed in this review.…”

“…Chitosan, algea and seafood waste are include in biosorbent materials [24] and example of surface structure for biosorbent is shown in Fig. 4 Trametes Virsicolor in eliminating direct dye which is benzidine based dye [70].…”

“…However, conventional activated carbon that been used today are expensive for a large scale of treatment [21][22][23]. Recently, the researchers has been focus on the development of low cost adsorbent for a full scale treatment [5,24,25]. Therefore, this review provide comprehensive information on the application of activated carbon for the treatment of dye and study the effect of adsorption factors towards dye removal.…”

“…Type of adsorbent materials used for wastewater treatment. [24,25] Among several wastewater treatment process, adsorption have the potential in reducing water pollutants and dyes from textile industries. Adsorption is effective to be used in lowering dye concentration in the effluents [35][36].…”

Comparative Adsorption of Methylene Blue on Different Low Cost Adsorbents by Continuous Column Process

“…Adsorption has received considerable attention for color removal from wastewaters as it offers the most economical and effective treatment methods. Due to high cost of activated carbon, adsorption on natural materials such as sand [5][6][7], saw dust [8][9][10][11], rice husk [10][11], used tea leaves [13][14], coconut coir [15], bagasse [16][17], banana pith [11], fly ash [10][11], orange peel [18] and modified biomaterials [19][20][21] have received considerable interest because of their local availability and their practically low cost. Use of above biomass materials [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] in batch adsorption process has been found to be highly effective, cheap and eco-friendly.…”