Characterisation of chicken farms in Vietnam: A typology of antimicrobial use among different production systems

Bâtie, Chloé; Hà, Lê Thị Thu; Loire, Étienne; Truong, Dinh Bao; Tuan, Ha Minh; Cuc, Ngo Thi Kim; Paul, Mathilde; Goutard, Flavie

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105731

Cited by 4 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Integrated farms rely on the advice of the integrator, family commercial farms rely on their own experience and household farms rely on the advice of drug sellers (Box 1). In this study, family commercial farms are identified as overusing AB [16]. In another recent study, stakeholders of the veterinary drug value chain identified small-scale family commercial farms and household farms as major barriers to the implementation of new regulations to reduce ABU.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Additionally, new regulations were implemented in 2020 to gradually decrease the usage of antibiotics in feed for prophylaxis [13] and to make prescriptions mandatory for the purchase of drugs [14]. Second, the government's plan is to encourage larger-scale farms and intensify production [15] in a country where most farms are still small-scale or backyard [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibiotics (AB) are commonly used to treat and prevent diseases in livestock and are readily available over the counter at affordable prices [20][21][22]. Moreover, chicken farmers rely heavily on their own experience when using drugs, leading to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics [16,23,24]. Three production systems can be identified in Vietnam with different ABU practices [16,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, chicken farmers rely heavily on their own experience when using drugs, leading to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics [16,23,24]. Three production systems can be identified in Vietnam with different ABU practices [16,25,26]. Integrated farms rely on the advice of the integrator, family commercial farms rely on their own experience and household farms rely on the advice of drug sellers (Box 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing antimicrobial use in chicken production in Vietnam: Exploring the systemic dimension of change

Bâtie,

Tran Minh,

Thi Vu

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Antibiotic use in livestock production is one of the drivers of antibiotic resistance and a shift towards better and reduced antibiotic usage is urgently required. In Vietnam, where there are frequent reports of the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, little attention has been paid to farmers who have successfully changed their practices. This qualitative study aims to understand the transition process of Vietnamese chicken farmers toward reduced antibiotic usage. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 chicken farmers, 13 drug sellers, and 5 traders using participatory tools and a socio-anthropological approach. We explored the farmers’ histories, current and past antibiotic usage, methods used to reduce antibiotic use, and motivations and barriers to changing practices. Through the thematic analysis of the farmers’ transcripts, we identified technical, economic, and social factors that influence change. Out of eighteen farmers, we identified ten farmers who had already reduced antibiotic usage. The main motivations included producing quality chickens (tasty and safe) while reducing farm expenditures. Barriers were related to poor biosecurity in the area, market failures, and the farmers’ lack of knowledge. Innovation led to overcome these obstacles included the local development of handmade probiotics and the organization of farmer cooperatives to overcome economic difficulties and guarantee product outlets. Knowledge was increased by workshops organized at the communal level and the influence of competent veterinarians in the area. We showed that the transition process was influenced by several components of the system rather than by any individual alone. Our study demonstrated that local initiatives to reduce antibiotic use in Vietnamese chicken production do exist. As changes depend on the system in which stakeholders are embedded, systemic lock-ins must be removed to allow practices to change. The promotion of locally-developed solutions should be further encouraged.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Reducing antimicrobial use in chicken production in Vietnam: Exploring the systemic dimension of change

Bâtie,

Tran Minh,

Thi Vu

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…However, large herds also have several risk factors for disease transmission, and farmers may be more concerned about infections in their herds, leading to increased AMU as prophylaxis or metaphylaxis [50][51][52][53]. Studies in poultry production showed that the increase in herd size could positively impact farm biosecurity practices and a reduction in non-therapeutic usage of antimicrobials, possibly due to contract farming or specific technical inputs from animal health professionals [26,48]. Moreover, herd size may be positively correlated with farmers' economic condition and educational level, leading to large farms adopting biosecurity measures more efficiently due to better access to resources [33,49,54].…”

Section: Interplay Between Farm Structure Management Factors Biosecur...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Improved Farm Biosecurity Reduce the Need for Antimicrobials in Food Animals? A Scoping Review

et al. 2023

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Limited and judicious antimicrobial usage (AMU) is considered the key to saving the success of human and veterinary medicine in treating infections. With the limited alternatives for antimicrobials, farm biosecurity (and herd management) is considered a promising tool to mitigate the non-judicious AMU and to maintain animal health, production, and welfare. The present scoping review aims to analyse the effect of farm biosecurity on AMU in livestock systems and formulate recommendations. Peer-reviewed manuscripts published between 2001–2022 were analyzed using the PRISMA framework using PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. After applying the inclusion criteria, 27 studies were found to assess the effect of farm biosecurity (or management practices) on AMU at the herd/farm level in quantitative/semi-quantitative terms. These studies were carried out in 16 countries, of which 74.1% (20/27) were from 11 European countries. The highest number of studies were from pig farms [51.8% (14/27)], followed by poultry (chicken) farms [25.9% (7/27)], cattle farms [11.1% (3/27)], and a single study from a turkey farm. Two studies include both pig and poultry farms. Most of the studies were cross-sectional [70.4% (19/27)], seven were longitudinal, and one was a case-control study. Complex interactions were observed among factors influencing AMU, such as biosecurity measures, farm characteristics, farmers’ attitudes, availability of animal health services, stewardship, etc. A positive association between farm biosecurity and reduction in AMU was observed in 51.8% (14/27) of the studies, and 18.5% (5/27) showed that improvement in farm management practices was associated with a reduction in AMU. Two studies highlighted that coaching and awareness among farmers might lead to a decrease in AMU. A single study on economic assessment concluded biosecurity practices as a cost-effective way to reduce AMU. On the other hand, five studies showed an uncertain or spurious association between farm biosecurity and AMU. We recommend the reinforcement of the concept of farm biosecurity, especially in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Further, there is a need to strengthen the evidence on the association between farm biosecurity and AMU in region- and species-specific farm settings.

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Patterns and drivers of antibiotic use in small-scale broiler production systems in Lilongwe District, Malawi

Ngunguni,

Moodley,

Msefula

et al. 2024

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Characterisation of chicken farms in Vietnam: A typology of antimicrobial use among different production systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Reducing antimicrobial use in chicken production in Vietnam: Exploring the systemic dimension of change

Reducing antimicrobial use in chicken production in Vietnam: Exploring the systemic dimension of change

Can Improved Farm Biosecurity Reduce the Need for Antimicrobials in Food Animals? A Scoping Review

Patterns and drivers of antibiotic use in small-scale broiler production systems in Lilongwe District, Malawi

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