Can Improved Farm Biosecurity Reduce the Need for Antimicrobials in Food Animals? A Scoping Review

Dhaka, Pankaj; Chantziaras, Ilias; Vijay, Deepthi; Bedi, Jasbir Singh; Makovska, I. F.; Biebaut, Evelien; Dewulf, Jeroen

doi:10.3390/antibiotics12050893

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Large farms tend to use more antimicrobials. Some measures to reduce their use on dairy farms include (i) cleaning and disinfecting facilities, (ii) using replaceable bedding materials, (iii) avoiding contact with other farms, (iv) proper quarantine when introducing new animals, and (v) proper management of mammary gland health ( 29 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosecurity practices in the dairy farms of southern Brazil

Ferreira,

Baccili,

Nemoto

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Biosecurity refers to a set of practices that prevents and/or controls the introduction, spread, and elimination of harmful biological agents in a production system. In this study, we aimed to survey the biosecurity practices and determine their correlation with the size of production systems. A biosecurity assessment form was provided to 69 farms in the Campos Gerais region of Paraná, Brazil. The questionnaire was divided into two sections: general and bovine viral diarrhea virus- and bovine herpesvirus type-1-specific sections. The general section covered topics on traffic control, quarantine and animal isolation, hygiene practices, carcass disposal, and disease monitoring/control. The specific section consisted of questions on the reproductive and respiratory factors, use of antimicrobials, and vaccination schedule. The 69 farms were also classified into small (≤ 61), medium (62–201), and large (≥ 202) size farms based on the number of lactating cows. Moreover, multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was performed between the biosecurity measures and farm size. The main risk factors and variability were related to the traffic control of people, animals, and vehicles/equipment, animal quarantine/isolation, and hygiene practices. MCA revealed that the small farms exhibited a lack of biosecurity measures, including those related to traffic control, animal quarantine, and hygiene. In medium-size farms, contact between bovine animals of different ages and difficulty in animal isolation in the quarantine system were among the main risk factors. In contrast, isolation of sick animals was easy, but the need to frequently purchase cattle was an important risk factor in large farms. These results highlight the relationship between biosecurity measures and farm size, providing valuable insights for the development of better biosecurity plans for production systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosecurity practices in the dairy farms of southern Brazil

Ferreira,

Baccili,

Nemoto

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Several studies have been carried out around the world to assess biosecurity in pig farms and establish a relationship with the use of antimicrobials and their effects on the health and productivity of herds [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Despite the practical advantages of farm biosecurity on animal health and welfare, farmers and animal health professionals in resource-limited regions may still be hesitant about its efficacy in substituting the use of preventive antimicrobial use [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature describes a negative association between the use of antimicrobials and biosecurity [9], indicating that farms where there is greater biosecurity have a lower frequency of antimicrobial treatment in different categories. Dhaka et al [13], analyzing the literature, established that, besides biosecurity, several other farm management factors influence antimicrobial use in the herd. These factors include farm structure, animal health status, disease prevalence or risk of outbreaks, farmers' socioeconomic and educational status, farmers' and animal health professionals' attitudes towards biosecurity and management practices, and regional or national stewardship policies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Use in Pig Farms in the Midwestern Region of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Oliveira,

Santa Rosa,

Dutra

et al. 2024

Antibiotics

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The use of antimicrobials in swine production is an issue that concerns the whole world due to their impact on animal and public health. This study aimed to verify the antimicrobial use in 29 commercial full-cycle farms in the midwestern region of the state of Minas Gerais, since this region is a hub of intensive pig farming in Brazil, as well as the possible correlations between the use of antimicrobials, biosecurity, and productivity. A total of 28 different drugs used for preventive purposes were described. On average, the herds used seven drugs, exposing the piglets for 116 days and totaling 434.17 mg of antimicrobials per kilogram of pig produced. Just eight active ingredients made up 77.5% of the total number of drugs used on the studied herds. Significant differences were found between the variables, biosecurity score and number of sows, antimicrobial amount and number of drugs, number of drugs and number of sows, and between productivity and biosecurity scores. The use of antimicrobials was considered excessive in the swine farms in the state of Minas Gerais compared to what was reported in Brazil and in other countries. Educational measures and better control should be proposed to reduce the preventive use of antimicrobials.

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“…Some vital measures to consider for the best management at a chicken farm are, all farm employees should receive comprehensive guidance in proper chicken handling techniques. This comprises recognizing poultry behaviours, using safe lifting and carrying techniques, and emphasizing gentle handling to reduce stress [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methods Used To Control Avian Coccidiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Management and control of coccidiosis in poultry — A review

Ahmad,

Yu,

Hua

et al. 2024

Anim Biosci

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Poultry coccidiosis is an intestinal infection caused by an intracellular parasitic protozoan of the genus Eimeria. Coccidia-induced gastrointestinal inflammation results in large economic losses, hence finding methods to decrease its prevalence is critical for industry participants and academic researchers. It has been demonstrated that coccidiosis can be effectively controlled and managed by employing anticoccidial chemical compounds. However, as a result of their extensive use, anticoccidial drug resistance in Eimeria species has raised concerns. Phytochemical/herbal medicines (Artemisia annua, Bidens pilosa, and garlic) seem to be a promising strategy for preventing coccidiosis, in accordance with the “anticoccidial chemical-free” standards. The impact of herbal supplements on poultry coccidiosis is based on the reduction of oocyst output by preventing the proliferation and growth of Eimeria species in chicken gastrointestinal tissues and lowering intestinal permeability via increased epithelial turnover. This review provides a thorough up-to-date assessment of the state of the art and technologies in the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens, including the most used phytochemical medications, their mode of action, and the applicable legal framework in the European Union.

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Can Improved Farm Biosecurity Reduce the Need for Antimicrobials in Food Animals? A Scoping Review

Cited by 24 publications

References 73 publications

Biosecurity practices in the dairy farms of southern Brazil

Biosecurity practices in the dairy farms of southern Brazil

Antimicrobial Use in Pig Farms in the Midwestern Region of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Management and control of coccidiosis in poultry — A review

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