Chapter 3 Overview of the Global Spread of Conservation Agriculture

Friedrich, Theodor; Derpsch, R.; Kassam, Amir

doi:10.1201/9781315365800-4

Cited by 92 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Conservation agriculture practices have been proposed as potential systems to increase crop yield, [1,2,48,49]). As can be seen in our results, CA plots out-yielded conventional agriculture.…”

Section: Implications Of Growing Conditions On Yield Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping Conservation Agriculture Management Effects on Ground and Aerial Remote Sensing Assessments of Maize Hybrids Performance in Zimbabwe

Gracia‐Romero

Vergara-Díaz

Thierfelder³

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:In the coming decades, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) faces challenges to sustainably increase food production while keeping pace with continued population growth. Conservation agriculture (CA) has been proposed to enhance soil health and productivity to respond to this situation. Maize is the main staple food in SSA. To increase maize yields, the selection of suitable genotypes and management practices for CA conditions has been explored using remote sensing tools. They may play a fundamental role towards overcoming the traditional limitations of data collection and processing in large scale phenotyping studies. We present the result of a study in which Red-Green-Blue (RGB) and multispectral indexes were evaluated for assessing maize performance under conventional ploughing (CP) and CA practices. Eight hybrids under different planting densities and tillage practices were tested. The measurements were conducted on seedlings at ground level (0.8 m) and from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform (30 m), causing a platform proximity effect on the images resolution that did not have any negative impact on the performance of the indexes. Most of the calculated indexes (Green Area (GA) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)) were significantly affected by tillage conditions increasing their values from CP to CA. Indexes derived from the RGB-images related to canopy greenness performed better at assessing yield differences, potentially due to the greater resolution of the RGB compared with the multispectral data, although this performance was more precise for CP than CA. The correlations of the multispectral indexes with yield were improved by applying a soil-mask derived from a NDVI threshold with the aim of corresponding pixels with vegetation. The results of this study highlight the applicability of remote sensing approaches based on RGB images to the assessment of crop performance and hybrid choice.

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Section: Implications Of Growing Conditions On Yield Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping Conservation Agriculture Management Effects on Ground and Aerial Remote Sensing Assessments of Maize Hybrids Performance in Zimbabwe

Gracia‐Romero

Vergara-Díaz

Thierfelder³

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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“…Currently, CA is being practiced on over 125 million hectares world-wide [10] and has studies indicating reduced production costs, improved water use efficiency, and sustained or increased crop productivity across the globe [11][12][13][14][15]. Studies have shown that intercropping and rotation practices improve the nutritional security of the farm households and reduces the risk of total crop failure in unfavorable or erratic weather [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency of Conservation Agriculture Production Systems for Smallholders in Rain-Fed Uplands of India: A Transformative Approach to Food Security

Chan

Sipes

Ayman

et al. 2017

Land

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Abstract:With challenges from global climate change, it is imperative to enhance food production using climate-smart technologies and maximize farm efficiency. Fifty-six households in Rudhiapada and Badamahulidiha, Odisha, India were selected to evaluate farmers' efficiency using conservation agriculture (CA) cropping system practices. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and regression analysis were used to estimate farmer efficiency and the determinants of yield. Conventional tillage with the local maize cultivar was compared to reduced tillage with improved maize cultivar and maize intercropped with cowpea. Badamahulidiha outperformed Rudhiapada in yields for all cropping systems. This could be attributed to lower input use and exposure to NGO training. The current efficiency level of farmers' productivity was between 0.4 and 0.7. Inputs such as labor, seed, and fertilizers were found to be significant in increasing yield except for female labor and phosphate. This finding suggests conservation agriculture cropping system is female friendly. The conservation agriculture cropping systems improved maize yields by 60% to 70% when compared to conventional farming system. Combining conservation agriculture practices with improving efficiency of farmers in optimal use of the inputs can contribute substantially to productivity, thus enhancing food security and nutrition in the face of climate change in India and other tropical areas.

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“…Conservation agriculture (CA) is a resource saving technology, which improves the soil biological, physical and chemical properties through minimal soil disturbance, maintenance of a permanent soil cover and utilization of varied crop rotations (Haggblade and Tembo, 2003;Farooq et al, 2011;Friedrich et al, 2011). The CA benefits include less fuel consumption (Baker et al, 2007;Tahir et al, 2008;Lithourgidis et al, 2009;Akbarnia and Farhani, 2014), reduced soil loss due to enhanced aggregate stability and the protective effect of crop residues left over the soil (Friedrich et al, 2011;Sanderson et al, 2013;Vanlauwe et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CA benefits include less fuel consumption (Baker et al, 2007;Tahir et al, 2008;Lithourgidis et al, 2009;Akbarnia and Farhani, 2014), reduced soil loss due to enhanced aggregate stability and the protective effect of crop residues left over the soil (Friedrich et al, 2011;Sanderson et al, 2013;Vanlauwe et al, 2014). It is more productive as compared to conventional tillage because it improves soil quality and water use efficiency of plants (Samarajeewa et al, 2006;Brunel et al, 2013;Muchabi et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Various Tillage Practices on Soil Physical Properties and Wheat Performance in Different Wheat-based Cropping Systems

Shahzad¹,

Farooq²,

Jabran³

et al. 2016

IJAB

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Excessive tillage in conventional agriculture systems may cause plough pan, which alters soil physical properties, and thus adversely affects the crop growth and productivity. This study was conducted to monitor the effect of different tillage practices in wheat-based cropping systems on soil physical properties, allometry and grain yield of wheat. Wheat was planted in different cropping systems (viz. fallow-wheat, rice-wheat, cotton-wheat, mungbean-wheat and sorghum-wheat with zero tillage, conventional tillage, deep tillage and on two types of beds (60/30 cm with four rows) and (90/45 cm with six rows). Interaction between different tillage practices and cropping systems had significant effect on soil bulk density and total porosity, wheat allometry and grain yield. Minimum bulk density tied with higher total porosity was recorded in both types of bed sowing followed by deep tillage. This improvement in soil physical properties caused improvement in leaf area index and duration, specific leaf area, crop growth, and net assimilation rates. As a result, the productivity of bed sown wheat was better; however, grain yield of zero tilled wheat was low due to poor crop growth and net assimilation rate. Wheat productivity was substantially low when planted after sorghum; nonetheless, and was quite high when sown after mungbean. In crux, wheat planting on beds after mungbean is the best option considering the long-term environmental sustainability of wheat-based cropping systems.

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Chapter 3 Overview of the Global Spread of Conservation Agriculture

Cited by 92 publications

References 3 publications

Phenotyping Conservation Agriculture Management Effects on Ground and Aerial Remote Sensing Assessments of Maize Hybrids Performance in Zimbabwe

Phenotyping Conservation Agriculture Management Effects on Ground and Aerial Remote Sensing Assessments of Maize Hybrids Performance in Zimbabwe

Efficiency of Conservation Agriculture Production Systems for Smallholders in Rain-Fed Uplands of India: A Transformative Approach to Food Security

Influence of Various Tillage Practices on Soil Physical Properties and Wheat Performance in Different Wheat-based Cropping Systems

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