Channel Measurements and Models for High-Speed Train Communication Systems: A Survey

Abstract

Index Terms-High-speed train channels, channel measurements, non-stationary channel models, statistical properties.

Performance Investigation of Spatial Modulation Systems Under Non-Stationary Wideband High-Speed Train Channel Models

“…The first non-stationary regular-shaped geometry-based stochastic model (RS-GBSM) for HST scenarios was proposed in [32], [33], considering the distance between the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx) as time-varying. In [34], [35], this model was further improved by involving more time-varying parameters such as angles of arrival (AoAs) and angles of departure (AoDs).…”

A Simplified Multipath Component Modeling Approach for High-Speed Train Channel Based on Ray Tracing

“…Generally, for the attenuation of MPCs the travel distance and angle information are the major factors. The travel distance can be obtained by the geometrical relationship, which is characterized by the delay obtained from (5). The angle information is included in Doppler shift that is derived from (6).…”

“…To enable intelligent transportation system, various high-datarate services are required in this scenario [2][3][4], for example, high definition (HD) video surveillance, and onboard realtime connectivity. For satisfying these services, applying advanced technologies in HST communications, including millimeter-wave (mmWave), mobile relay station (MRS), and smart antennas, has been studied in the literature [5][6][7][8]. Beforehand, to design these advanced technologies and evaluate their performance, accurate channel models are necessary.…”

“…For modeling approaches, the current HST channel models can be roughly classified into three categories [5]: deterministic, stochastic, and geometry-based stochastic modeling.…”

A Blind Handover Technique for the Intelligent Transportation Network

“…Unlike traditional handover methods, the proposed technique does not require handover measurements, greatly reduces the total handover latency, and improves the handover success rate and service quality. 如图1所示，传统的切换流程分为切换测量(Handover Measurement)、切换判决(Handover Decision)、切换执行(Handover Execution) 三步 [4]- [5] 。所谓切换测量是指用户端设备UE(User Equipment)对附近的若干个相邻小区的信号质量进行测量，基站根据测量报告选择信号质量 最好的小区作为切换目标小区。这种测量方式需要大量的测量时间，以WCDMA和LTE为例， 整个切换测量时间需要200 ms以上 [6] 。在切换判决前，为了防止乒乓效应，还必须有一段切 换触发时延（TTT, Time to Trigger） [7] ，LTE的TTT默认值为256 ms. 相比于切换测量和切换 判决所花费的时间，LTE切换执行的时间仅需100 ms. …”