Changes of soil bioavailable phosphorus content in the long-term field fertilizing experiment

Abstract

The aim of this study is to describe the changes of bioavailable phosphorus content in soil in long-term 18 years field experiments with different fertilizing systems. The field experiments are located at three sites with different soil and climatic conditions in the Czech Republic (Červený Újezd, Humpolec and Prague-Suchdol). Same fertilizing systems and crop rotation (potatoes (maize) – winter wheat – spring barley) are realized at each site with following fertilizing treatments: (1) unfertilized treatment (control), (2) farmyard manure (FYM), (3) and (4) sewage sludge (SS 1 and SS 3), (5) mineral nitrogen (N), (6) mineral nitrogen with straw (N + straw) and (7) mineral nitrogen with phosphorus and potassium (NPK). The long-term fertilizing effect on available P content changes in soil was observed. Bioavailable phosphorus content in soil increased in treatments with organic fertilization after 18 year experiment at all sites. The treatments SS 3 had the highest increase at all sites. The highest bioavailable P content increase compared to control (258 mg/kg) was determined at site Červený Újezd. On the contrary, available phosphorus content decreased at treatments with mineral fertilization and control treatment among all sites. Bioavailable P content decrease in the treatment NPK was observed, although phosphorus was applied. The lowest differences in available P content among all fertilizing treatments were observed at the location Prague-Suchdol.

Potential of biochar amendment as phosphorus source in tropical paddy soil

“…The results show that biochar performed as well as P fertilizer in terms of total P but did much better in iron bound P compared to the mineral fertilizer. The Fe-P can become available for plant uptake over decades provided the soil conditions are favourable for intensive metabolization of P-mineralizing soil biota [46] . The high sorption of loosely sorbed P as Fe-P in biochar reduces P loss due to leaching that result into eutrophication of water bodies and is also applied with enormous economic benefits in wastewater treatment plants [9] .…”

Recovering phosphorous from biogas fermentation residues indicates promising economic results

“…However, as demonstrated by Nättorp et al (2017) pricing of iron salts (from 0.98 k USD up to 1.1 k USD t − 1 ) means that the specific cost for P (4 € kg − 1 at minimum) captured into struvite is roughly double that of conventional P fertilizer (Khursheed et al, 2018). To make matters worse, struvite, hydroxylapatites or vivianite are minerals with complex nucleation and sturdy crystal morphology, therefore only limited fractions of precipitated P are readily available in terms of plant nutrition (Kulhánek et al, 2019). Suppliers of P-removal solutions for sewage treatment plants have for decades argued that all the extractable P (Pe) in these minerals is available for plant nutrition (Bradford-Hartke et al, 2021).…”

“…Even if the running costs of these P precipitation processes were reduced to compete with conventional mineral fertilizers it would not make a big difference. Despite many efforts carried out to reduce the size and morphology of the precipitated crystals, the P remains firmly locked and unavailable for plant nutrition (Kulhánek et al, 2019), making it unusable for agriculture without further modifications (Kratz et al, 2010).…”

Pengaruh Aplikasi Senyawa Humat dan Pupuk Kandang Ayam terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.)

“…Peningkatan dosis pupuk kandang ayam dan senyawa humat yang diberikan akan meningkatkan ketersediaan P dalam tanah. Menurut Kulhanek et al (2019) pemberian asam humat dan pupuk P mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan P dalam tanah dibandingkan dengan pemberian pupuk P saja tanpa disertai asam humat. Peningkatan ketersediaan P juga dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan pupuk kandang.…”