Changes of mammal assemblages in the pampean region (Argentina) and their relation with the Plio-Pleistocene boundary

Tonni, Eduardo Pedro; Alberdi, María Teresa; Prado, JoséL.; Bargo, M. Susana; Cione, Alberto Luis

doi:10.1016/0031-0182(92)90140-z

Cited by 98 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…This high genetic variability at nuclear (RAPD) and mtDNA at both populations can reflect the historically large population sizes and their recent decline. The abundance of this species in the past can be deduced from archaeological sites where it is commonly found (Tonni et al, 1992). Its exploitation and consequent population decline can also be easily deduced when we check the numbers of pelts exported from Rio de La Plata in the nineteen century: about 2,130,000 only between 1860 and 1870 (Thornback and Jenkins, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of two Brazilian populations of the Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus 1758)

et al. 2007

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The Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) is one of the most endangered Neotropical cervid with populations that have been drastically reduced to small and isolated ones, mainly because of its habitat destruction. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze population divergence and genetic variation within and between two populations corresponding to distinct subspecies. The RAPD markers displayed substantial genetic variation with all animals possessing unique RAPD phenotypes over 105 polymorphic bands produced by 15 primers. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and a neighbor-joining cluster analysis were performed to assess levels of differentiation between populations. No differentiation was recorded and about 96.0% (P < 0.00001) of the total variance was attributable to variation within populations. This result is quite distinct from data obtained by the analysis of the mtDNA control region, and is discussed on the basis of genetic differences between the different markers and the male-biased dispersal patterns generally observed in the mammal species. The data presented herein are potentially useful for future taxonomic and genetic studies in this species, for the monitoring of the genetic variation observed within these populations, and for the development of management guidelines for its conservation.Keywords: Cervidae, Ozotoceros bezoarticus, RAPD, genetic diversity, population structure. Diversidade genética de duas populações brasileiras de Veado-campeiro (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus 1758)Resumo O Veado-campeiro (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) é uma das espécies de cervídeos neotropical mais ameaçadas devido à destruição de seu hábitat e conseqüente redução e isolamento de suas populações. Marcadores do tipo RAPD (Random amplified polymorphic DNA) foram utilizados na análise da divergência populacional e estimativa da variação genética dentro e entre duas populações correspondentes a diferentes subespécies. Os marcadores RAPD mostraram uma variação genética substancial, sendo que as 105 bandas polimórficas obtidas pelo uso de 15 primers produziram fenótipos únicos para todos os indivíduos analisados. Para avaliar o nível de diferenciação entre as populações, foi realizada uma análise da variância molecular (AMOVA) e uma análise de agrupamento utilizando o método de neighbor-joining. Nenhuma diferenciação foi observada, sendo aproximadamente 96,0% da variação encontrada atribuída à variação dentro das populações estudadas. Este resultado difere do obtido através da análise da região controle do mtDNA, e é discutido levando-se em consideração as diferenças genéticas entre os diferentes marcadores utilizados e o padrão de dispersão geralmente observado nas espécies de mamíferos (realizada principalmente pelos machos). Os dados aqui apresentados poderão ser úteis para futuros estudos taxonômicos e genéticos desta espécie, para o monitoramento da variação genética observada em suas populações e para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de manejo para sua conservação.Palavras...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of two Brazilian populations of the Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus 1758)

et al. 2007

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“…According to Tonni & Figalgo (1978), during Pleistocene the climatic conditions alternated between arid or semi-arid and humid. The predominance of dry and cold climate in the late Pleistocene is suggested by the presence of fossil pollen especially from the Brassicaceae (Quattrocchio et al, 2008), and of fossil of extant mammals from Patagonian and Central sub-regions, associated to arid or semi-arid and cold weathers (Microcavia australis and Pediolagus salinicola) (Tonni, 1981(Tonni, , 1985Tonni et al, 1992;Prado & Alberdi, 2010).…”

Section: Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary mammals from central Brazil (Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul) and comments on paleobiogeography and paleoenvironments

Oliveira

Becker-Kerber²,

Cordeiro

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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-Studies regarding Quaternary mammals from the Serra da Bodoquena (South-western Brazil, state of Mato Grosso do Sul) are scarce. In the region, the Fadas Cave has been an important paleontological site. Remnants of Pleistocene fauna were collected along a river channel inside the cave. It is the first record of Arctotherium, Scelidotheriinae and Nothrotheriinae in the Serra da Bodoquena. Smilodon populator, Eremotherium laurillardi, Gomphotheriidae and Glyptodontinae, already known for the region, were also identified. These new occurrences allow us to redefine the paleozoogeographical distribution of some of the aforementioned taxa. Herein we propose the expansion of the range of the Brazilian Intertropical Region, which should include Mato Grosso do Sul and São Paulo. The state of Rio Grande do Sul keeps a greater paleozoogeographical affinity to others temperate zones from Argentina and Uruguay. Taxa associated to open environments indicate the existence of large areas of savannas during the late Pleistocene in the Serra da Bodoquena.Key words: Brazilian Intertropical Region, Pampean Region, paleozoogeographical zones, Fadas Cave, Quaternary mammals, Serra da Bodoquena.RESUMO -Os estudos sobre mamíferos quaternários da Serra da Bodoquena (Mato Grosso do Sul) são escassos. Na região, a Gruta das Fadas tem sido um importante sítio paleontológico. Os restos da fauna do Pleistoceno foram coletados ao longo de um canal do rio dentro da caverna. É o primeiro registro de Arctotherium, Scelidotheriinae e Nothrotheriinae na Serra da Bodoquena. Smilodon populator, Eremotherium laurillardi, Gomphotheriidae e Glyptodontinae, já conhecidos pela região, também foram identificados. Estas novas ocorrências nos permitem redefinir a distribuição paleozoogeográfica de alguns dos táxons acima mencionados. Aqui propomos a ampliação da faixa da Região Intertropical Brasileira, que deve incluir Mato Grosso do Sul e São Paulo. O Estado do Rio Grande do Sul mantém uma maior afinidade paleozoogeográfica com outras zonas temperadas da Argentina e do Uruguai. Táxons associados a ambientes abertos indicam a existência de grandes áreas de savanas durante o Pleistoceno final na Serra da Bodoquena. Palavras-chave:Região Intertropical Brasileira, Região Pampeana, zonas paleozoogeográficas, Gruta das Fadas, mamíferos quaternários, Serra da Bodoquena.

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“…Three specimens (MMMP 162S, 26S, 48S) came from these marine cliffs north of Mar del Plata City. In this area, sediments have been referred to the Ensenadan, Bonaerian, Lujanian, and Platan (Tonni et al, 1992;Cione and Tonni, 1995;1999). Recent magnetostratigraphic studies by Bidegain et al (1998) show that a change from chron C1r to C1n can be identified 7 m above the top of the cliff (3 m from the base).…”

Section: Ensenadanmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fossil record of South American short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae)

Soibelzon¹,

Tonni²,

Bond³

2005

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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101

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The present study includes a review of the geographic and stratigraphic distribution of short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae) in South America. In addition, the authors discuss biogeographic hypotheses regarding the origin of South American tremarctines. The Tremarctinae subfamily is distributed exclusively in America, from Alaska to southern Patagonia. Its biochron comprises the temporal lapse between Late Miocene and recent times; the first record of Tremarctinae in North America corresponds to the Hemphillian and the last to the Rancholabrean. In South America, the first record corresponds to the Ensenadan. In the present day, it corresponds to the only living tremarctine, the 'Andean Bear,' but short-faced bears became extinct during the early Holocene. The extinction of short-faced bears in North and South America appears to have been approximately synchronous. Finally, the fossil record in South America indicates species turnover between the Ensenadan and Bonaerian, during which time the giant species Arctotherium angustidens was replaced by Arctotherium tarijense, Arctotherium bonaeriense, and Arctotherium vetustum (and probably Arctotherium wingei). q

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Changes of mammal assemblages in the pampean region (Argentina) and their relation with the Plio-Pleistocene boundary

Cited by 98 publications

References 14 publications

Genetic diversity of two Brazilian populations of the Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus 1758)

Genetic diversity of two Brazilian populations of the Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus, Linnaeus 1758)

Quaternary mammals from central Brazil (Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul) and comments on paleobiogeography and paleoenvironments

The fossil record of South American short-faced bears (Ursidae, Tremarctinae)

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