Changes in Weight, Waist Circumference and Compensatory Responses with Different Doses of Exercise among Sedentary, Overweight Postmenopausal Women

Church, Timothy S.; Martin, Corby K.; Thompson, Angela; Earnest, Conrad P.; Mikus, Catherine R.; Blair, Steven N.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0004515

Cited by 228 publications

(295 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that longterm exercise (3 mo) can increase the orexigenic drive or energy intake, whereas acute and short-term exercise can improve appetite and reduce FM (27)(28)(29). However, the studies by Church et al (30) and Ross and Janssen (31) were unable to demonstrate a dose-response relationship between PA and weight loss. Additionally, a recent report by King et al (32) suggested that increased energy intake may represent a major source of energy compensation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Efficiency of a Free-Living Physical Activity Promotion Program Following Diet Modification for Fat Loss in Japanese Obese Men

Eto

Ohkawara

Sasai

et al. 2012

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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384Weight loss can be induced by diet and exercise. Although weight loss resulting from the combination of diet and exercise can be significant (211.4%), compared to diet (211.1%) or exercise (23.5%) alone (1), the combination of diet and exercise does not always achieve the same level of weight loss as diet and exercise alone (2, 3). A study by Martin et al. (4) reported that diet restriction resulted in reduced energy expenditure by physical activity (PA). This report suggested that a combination of simultaneous diet and exercise might compensate the efficiency of exercise-induced weight loss. However studies by Fogelholm et al. (5) and recommended the use of a weight-loss program that incorporates exercise after diet-induced weight loss. This approach resulted in successful weight loss (men: 13.2 kg in 8 mo, women: 13.8 kg in 12 mo). As many obese individuals are sedentary and are at risk of knee or back injuries during exercise secondary to excess weight, the initiation of exercise after weight loss may be a better approach from both the weight-loss and safety standpoints (7-9).Although PA is well known to prevent obesity, all individuals do not lose the same amounts of weight in response to exercise. Bouchard et al. (10) reported the results from a highly controlled study in which participants were sequestered to an isolated research station. Energy intake was prescribed at a specific level to maintain baseline weight, and exercise was prescribed to create a 1,000 kcal daily energy deficit. Nevertheless, weight loss ranged from 23 to 212 kg. Donnelly et al. (11) conducted a randomised controlled exercise trial in which all exercises were performed under direct supervision, and total energy expenditure was measured according to the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. In this report, the range of weight change was 14 to 214 kg (12). SummaryThe aim of the current study was to examine the efficiency of a free-living physical activity promotion (PAP) program following a diet modification program for fat loss. Fifty obese men, aged 51.467.0 y, received a 6-mo regimen consisting of 2 phases. Weekly 90-min free-living PAP sessions were provided for 3 mo immediately after a 3-mo diet modification phase. Fat mass (FM) was measured at baseline and at months 3 and 6 using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The time spent in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was monitored by a validated single-axis accelerometer. The total energy intake of all participants was assessed at baseline and during weeks 9 and 10 of both the diet modification and PAP programs. The change (D) in FM was 21.461.9 kg (p,0.05) during the PAP program after the diet modification program (24.362.9 kg, p,0.01). Although there was no significant relationship between DFM and DMVPA during the PAP phase (p50.11), MVPA was significantly increased during the PAP phase (176.06146.5 min/wk, p,0.01). However, a significant correlation was observed between energy intake/weight and MVPA during the PAP program (r50.39). Our results suggest that the magn...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Efficiency of a Free-Living Physical Activity Promotion Program Following Diet Modification for Fat Loss in Japanese Obese Men

Eto

Ohkawara

Sasai

et al. 2012

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Of note, the exercise intervention in this study was designed to induce an energy expenditure of 500 kcal per session in both sexes and all exercise bouts were supervised to ensure the target exercise stimulus (70% maximum heart rate, 5 sessions per week) and energy expenditure were controlled [41]. These features of the study design are important as previous research suggests a higher exercise-induced energy deficit may stimulate greater compensatory elevations in energy intake [94]. However, after a comparable 12 week intervention, Caudwell and colleagues [12] reported that the intake of high energy density foods was higher and lower in men and women, respectively.…”

Section: Chronic Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Chronic Effects of Exercise on Appetite, Energy Intake and Appetite-Related Hormones: the Modulating Effect of Adiposity, Sex and Habitual Physical Activity

Dorling

Broom

Burns

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Exercise facilitates weight control, partly through effects on appetite regulation. Single bouts of exercise induce a short-term energy deficit without stimulating compensatory effects on appetite, whilst limited evidence suggests that exercise training may modify subjective and homeostatic mediators of appetite in directions associated with enhanced meal-induced satiety.However, large variability in responses exists between individuals. This article reviews the evidence relating to how adiposity, sex and habitual physical activity modulate exercise-induced appetite, energy intake and appetite-related hormone responses. The balance of evidence suggests that adiposity and sex do not modify appetite or energy intake responses to acute or chronic exercise interventions, but individuals with higher habitual physical activity levels may better adjust energy intake in response to energy balance perturbations. The effect of these individual characteristics and behaviours on appetite-related hormone responses to exercise remains equivocal. These findings support the continued promotion of exercise as a strategy for inducing short-term energy deficits irrespective of adiposity and sex, as well as the ability of exercise to positively influence energy balance over the longer term. Future well-controlled studies are required to further ascertain potential mediators of appetite responses to exercise.

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“…After six months, a group who walked an average of 72 minutes a week at two to three mph-that is about 10 minutes per mile-pace striding a day-had significantly improved heart strength and general fitness, with this in mind we constructed 2 groups: The NE group that was determined by the people who spend less than 10 minutes a day of exercise. Moreover, the A group that was those who spend more than 10 minutes a day of physical activities [35].…”

Section: Physical Activity Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Applicability of the Activities of Daily Living Age Scale in Japanese Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 75 Years or Older

Seino¹

2015

Fam Med Med Sci Res

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Our aim is to investigate the applicability of the activities of daily living age scale (ADLA) through the examination of the degree to which physical functionality is enhanced by habitual exercise in older Japanese aged 75 years and older. Participants comprised 598 community-dwellings older Japanese (386 women 79.0 ± 3.5 and 212 men 79.1 ± 3.8), who were divided in 2 groups of a non-exercise (NE) and an active group (A). The ADLA equation is an instrument that estimates participants' physical functioning regarding ADL using data obtained previously from 1006 subjects. All participants completed a comprehensive battery of 3 physical performance items that formed the basis for the ADLA equation. The developed equations are as follow: ADLA for women = 0.447 (chronological age: CA) -5.49 (ADL scoreADLS) + 44.17; and ADLA for men = 0.519CA -4.27ADLS + 38.26. In women the mean of ADLA of NE group (78.9 ± 4.3 years) were significantly lower than their mean of CA (79.4 ± 3.5 years, p<0.05). Meanwhile there were no significant difference among the mean of ADLA of the NE group in men (80.0 ± 5.1 years) and their mean of CA (79.7 ± 4.2). The ADLA mean of A group in women (76.3 ± 3.7 years) and in men (77.3±3.4 years) were significantly lower than their mean of CA (78.6 ± 3.5 and 78.4 ± 3.3 years, p<0.01) respectively. The result indicates that ADLA scale has validity application. Through the responsiveness of the ADLA scale we conclude that exercise habituation affects overall physical function even on people over 75 years and older, possessing significantly higher level of physical fitness than those who do not exercise regularly. They showed a remarkably older ADLA.

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Changes in Weight, Waist Circumference and Compensatory Responses with Different Doses of Exercise among Sedentary, Overweight Postmenopausal Women

Cited by 228 publications

References 24 publications

Efficiency of a Free-Living Physical Activity Promotion Program Following Diet Modification for Fat Loss in Japanese Obese Men

Efficiency of a Free-Living Physical Activity Promotion Program Following Diet Modification for Fat Loss in Japanese Obese Men

Acute and Chronic Effects of Exercise on Appetite, Energy Intake and Appetite-Related Hormones: the Modulating Effect of Adiposity, Sex and Habitual Physical Activity

The Applicability of the Activities of Daily Living Age Scale in Japanese Community-Dwelling Adults Aged 75 Years or Older

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