Challenges and Future Prospects of Nanoemulsion as a Drug Delivery System

Abstract

Nanoemulsion has the potential to overcome several disadvantages in drug formulation. Loading poor water-soluble drugs in the appropriate nanoemulsions enhances their wettability and/or solubility. Consequently, this improves their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics by different routes of administration. Associated with the optimum nanodroplets size or even combined with key components, the droplets act as a reservoir of drugs, enabling nanoemulsion to be multifunctional platform to treat diverse diseases. A number of important advantages, which comprise nanoemulsion attributes, such as efficient drug release with appropriate rate, prolonged efficacy, drug uptake control, low side effects and drug protection properties from enzymatic or oxidative processes, have been reported in last decade. The high flexibility of nanoemulsion includes also a variety of manufacturing process options and a combination of widely assorted components such as surfactants, liquid lipids or even drug-conjugates. These features provide alternatives for designing innovative nanoemulsions aiming at high-value applications. This review presents the challenges and prospects of different nanoemulsion types and its application. The drug interaction with the components of the formulation, as well as the drug mechanistic interaction with the biological environment of different routes of administration are also presented.

Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems: From Medicine to Agriculture

“…The applications of micelles, liposomes, and nano-emulsions include the encapsulation of poorly water-soluble bioactive molecules to be further incorporated into aqueous products. For instance, for biomedical purposes, a plethora of different types of drug-loaded nano-emulsions is available including oral, topical, intranasal and ocular administration (Yukuyama et al, 2017). In the food industry, several types of different nanoemulsions have also been used as carriers of natural occurring, but poorly soluble flavors, colors, preservatives and antioxidant agents (Donsì, 2018).…”

Nanoemulsion: A Review on Mechanisms for the Transdermal Delivery of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Drugs

“…This method involves the transitioning of the liquid phases by the spontaneous curvature of the surfactant [93]. This could be achieved by keeping the composition of the emulsion fixed while changing the temperature of the setting (phase inversion temperature, PIT) [95]. It can also be performed by keeping the temperature constant and changing the composition of the system (emulsion inversion point, EIP) [96].…”

Synthesis ofCarum Carviessential oil nanoemulsion, the cytotoxic effect, and expression of caspase 3 gene

“…The low toxicity, controllable uptake, and efficient releasing of drugs, easy access and high solubility, high transparency, and physical sustainability (Acosta, 2009;McClements, 2012;Tadros et al, 2004) have been mentioned as their individual advantages than the other cancer therapy strategies (Yukuyama, Kato, Lobenberg, & Bou-Chacra, 2017). Studies on nanoemulsion delivery systems have focused on their various modifications for passive and active targeting approaches (Mahato, 2017).…”