Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems: From Medicine to Agriculture

Abstract

The main challenges in drug delivery systems are to protect, transport and release biologically active compounds at the right time in a safe and reproducible manner, usually at a specific target site. In the past, drug nano-carriers have contributed to the development of precision medicine and to a lesser extent have focused on its inroads in agriculture. The concept of engineered nano-carriers may be a promising route to address confounding challenges in agriculture that could perhaps lead to an increase in crop production while reducing the environmental impact associated with crop protection and food production. The main objective of this review is to contrast the advantages and disadvantages of different types of nanoparticles and nano-carriers currently used in the biomedical field along with their fabrication methods to discuss the potential use of these technologies at a larger scale in agriculture. Here we explain what is the problem that nano-delivery systems intent to solve as a technological platform and describe the benefits this technology has brought to medicine. Also here we highlight the potential drawbacks that this technology may face during its translation to agricultural applications, based on the lessons learned so far from its use for biomedical purposes. We discuss not only the characteristics of an ideal nano-delivery system, but also the potential constraints regarding the fabrication including technical, environmental, and legal aspects. A key motivation is to evaluate the potential use of these systems in agriculture, especially in the area of plant breeding, growth promotion, disease control, and post-harvest quality control. Further, we highlight the importance of a rational design of nano-carriers and identify current research gaps to enable scale-up relevant to applications in the treatment of plant diseases, controlled release of fertilizers, and plant breeding.

Synthesis and Characterization of Ionic Graft Copolymers: Introduction and In Vitro Release of Antibacterial Drug by Anion Exchange

“…Hence, the pharmaceutical industry is looking for better solutions in the production of medicines. The drug delivery systems (DDS) based on polymer carriers seem to solve the drug distribution problem with conventional medicines [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. These systems are commonly used to improve bioavailability and increase therapeutic efficacy [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

NoPv1: a synthetic antimicrobial peptide aptamer targeting the causal agents of grapevine downy mildew and potato late blight

“…reduced treatment costs, and in the prevention of drug resistance development as a direct consequence of the mechanistic polyfunctionality improvement of the active compounds. Furthermore, the design of novel delivery systems aimed to improve safety and bioavailability 64 , in combination with precision agriculture tools, may contribute to make the peptide-based pesticides sustainable for the agricultural sector in future.…”

Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Compounds as a Versatile Tool for Construction of Nanoscale Drug Carriers

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