“…Therefore, organizational policy barriers include security, privacy, data governance, and ownership. Security refers to policies, procedures, and technical measures used to prevent unauthorized access, alteration, theft, or physical damage to information systems (Laudon & Laudon, 2015), and several studies considered it to be the main barrier that impedes BDA (Ahmed et al, 2018; Bertino, 2013; Demchenko, Ngo, de Laat, Membrey, & Gordijenko, 2013; Lee, 2017; Long & Brindley, 2013; Sivarajah et al, 2017). Privacy refers to the use and share of personal information (Delen & Ram, 2018); therefore, it is a significant barrier in the context of BDA (Delen & Ram, 2018; Sun et al, 2016).…”