CFY-Stacks for Use in Stationary SOFC and SOEC Applications

Dosch, Christian; Rothe, Stefan; Kusnezoff, Mihails; Trofimenko, Nikolai; Sauchuk, Viktar; Michaelis, Alexander; Bienert, Christian; Brandner, Marco; Venskutonis, Andreas; Kraussler, Wolfgang; Sigl, Lorenz S.

doi:10.1149/05701.0089ecst

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Figure shows a 30‐cell CFY stack assembled at the pilot manufacturing line at IKTS. The robustness of CFY stacks has been demonstrated in various tests over more than 20,000 hours and 120 start/stop‐cycles, showing a power degradation rate below 0.7% per 1,000 hours and 0.5% per ten cycles, respectively . CFY stacks have been adopted for system integration by various external research partners and companies, e.g., Convion Ltd. of Finland .…”

Section: Hotbox Concept and Operating Windowmentioning

confidence: 65%

Development of a SOFC Power Generator for the Indian Market

Pfeifer

Chakradeo²,

Ahire³

et al. 2017

Fuel Cells

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Contracted by the company h2e Power Systems Pvt. Ltd. based in Pune, India, Fraunhofer IKTS has developed a 1 kW(el) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power generator during a three year system engineering and technology transfer project. The fuel cell system is based on the CFY stack technology by Plansee SE and IKTS, which incorporates state-of-theart ESC with Scandia-doped Zirconia electrolytes. For the SOFC power generator, a chromium based interconnects (CFY) stack was integrated with a pre-reformer, a tail-gas oxidizer and heat exchangers into a HotBox-module following a novel concept for least-space-demanding reactor integration and flow distribution. The applied system concept aimed at a very compact and robust, yet highly efficient power generator with optional heat extraction. Two major design decisions have been introduced in the process layout, i.e., a rated fuel utilization in the stack of 85% as well as a POX-air pre-heater for reducing the reformer air flow to lowest possible values. This approach lead to a waterless SOFC system with a net electrical efficiency above 40%. Two proof-of-concept (PoC) prototype systems were commissioned and tested for system concept validation. Based on the operating experience, three improved prototype units were built at IKTS and shipped to India for initial demonstration projects and field trials at the customer's site. At the same time, the technology transfer to the customer was initiated, in order to enable for a local manufacturing and deployment of SOFC systems in India. This paper outlines the system development approach and major technical achievements demonstrated on PoC prototype level.

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Section: Hotbox Concept and Operating Windowmentioning

confidence: 65%

Development of a SOFC Power Generator for the Indian Market

Pfeifer

Chakradeo²,

Ahire³

et al. 2017

Fuel Cells

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“…Additionally, an optimized sealing glass (denoted as FS‐p) was tested in CFY‐based SOFC stacks. Details of the used SOFC stack type and testing procedures of such stacks are described in previous publications . Figure depicts an explosion view of a part CFY‐based SOFC stack, including all relevant components which are necessary to assemble a fully functional stack.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positions where samples for SEM analyses were taken from the marked regions. The test of glasses on stack level involves not only the sealing procedure but moreover a multiple thermal cycling of more than 120 times between 100°C and 830°C with a heating and cooling rate of 2‐4 K min −1 without flushing gas . In addition to this work, a long‐term operation run of more than 3000 hours at 800°C under constant SOEC conditions was conducted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glass ceramics sealants for SOFC interconnects based on a high chromium sinter alloy

Schilm

Rost

Kusnezoff

et al. 2017

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The operation of solid oxide fuel cells requires gas tight and stable sealing materials. Glass ceramic materials have been established to seal different stack designs and can be optimized to match the requirements of components and joining conditions. It is known that glass based sealants are sensitive to the formation of undesired chromia species in contact with ferritic steels used as interconnects. Their formation depends on the earth alkaline type and content in the glass as well as the chromium content of the interconnect. A robust interconnect material is the chromium based sinter alloy CFY with > 93 wt.% chromium what in turn enforces the formation of chromia phases. SOFC stacks with chromium based interconnects and electrolyte supported cells (ESC) with 10SCSZ electrolyte are a candidate for SOFC systems with high efficiency in a wide power range. This study presents results on the development of sealing glasses adapted for the CFY by optimizing the glass components BaO, CaO, SiO2 and Al2O3. Depending properties like crystallization behavior, thermal expansion, adhesion and reactivity in contact with CFY have been regarded. The glasses have been tested under operating conditions of SOFC (dual atmosphere, electric potentials) in samples as well as in real stacks. It has been shown that optimized glass compositions especially regarding a limited BaO-content combine a good joining behavior and minimized BaCrO4 formation in contact with the CFY alloy

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“…Commercially available systems operate using membranes approx. 100 µm thick [262]. Currently, the main approach to solving this problem consists in reducing the thickness of the membrane, typically to 20 µm.…”

Section: Medium and High-temperature Ionically Conductive Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane electrolysis—History, current status and perspective

Paidar

Фатеев

Bouzek

2016

Electrochimica Acta

280

137

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Please cite this article as: M.Paidar, V.Fateev, K.Bouzek, Membrane electrolysis − history, current status and perspective, Electrochimica Acta http://dx. AbstractThis review is devoted to membrane electrolysis, in particular utilizing ion-selective membranes, as an important part of both existing and emerging industrial electrochemical processes. It aims to provide fundamental information on the history and development, current status and future perspectives of membrane electrolysis. It aims to provide fundamental information on the history and development, current status and future perspectives of membrane electrolysis. An overview of the history of electromembrane processes is given with the focus on brine electrolysis since it is the predominant electrochemical industrial technology utilizing ion-selective membranes. This is followed by a summary of the wide range of hydrogen-based energy conversion processes with different degrees of maturity, i.e. water electrolysis and fuel cells, which promise to become the next generation of major electromembrane processes. The overview of the state-of-the-art is rounded off by a number of smaller-scale processes utilizing ionically conducting solid electrolytes and ion-selective membranes that are already commercially available. The article concludes by considering potential future developments in this exciting field of electrochemistry.

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CFY-Stacks for Use in Stationary SOFC and SOEC Applications

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Development of a SOFC Power Generator for the Indian Market

Development of a SOFC Power Generator for the Indian Market

Glass ceramics sealants for SOFC interconnects based on a high chromium sinter alloy

Membrane electrolysis—History, current status and perspective

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